钓鱼城遗址悬空卧佛保护修复研究  

Protective Restoration and Reinforcement of Suspended Reclining Buddha at Diaoyucheng

作　　者：孙延忠 Sun Yanzhong(China Academy of Cultural Heritage,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国文化遗产研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2023年第6期112-117,共6页China Cultural Heritage

摘　　要：合川钓鱼城悬空卧佛属于大型砂岩质石刻,局部残存彩绘及贴金,是国内独一无二的摩崖悬空卧佛造像。受材料工艺、保存环境、人为和自然因素的影响,悬空卧佛岩体出现残缺、空鼓、片层剥离、粉化剥落和彩绘颜料层起甲、粉化等病害,影响其安全性、完整性、稳定性及长期保存与展示。在对悬空卧佛价值评估与病害危害性评估基础上,遵循最小干预的保护原则,提出保护性修补和现状保护措施,对现存主要病害进行治理,以防止活动性病害继续发展,减缓岩体劣化破坏速度。The Suspended Reclining Buddha at Diaoyucheng was created in the late Tang Dynasty.It is a large red sandstone stone carving with exquisite craftsmanship and rigorous composition,depicting the moment of Buddha Sakyamuni's nirvana.The artwork stands as a unique suspended reclining Buddha statue in China,holding substantial value for conservation and research.The Suspended Reclining Buddha remains relatively intact,with some areas still exhibiting painting and gilding.Presently,the conservative problems mainly involve the rock deterioration and the peeling of paint layers.It is urgent to control these issues,as they are being exacerbated by the natural environmental factors.Based on the evaluation of the Suspended Reclining Buddha's value,the preliminary disease assessment and the analysis of the causes,this paper proposes targeted conservation and restoration strategies for different diseases.The main diseases of the Suspended Reclining Buddha including rock surface warping and peeling,historical restoration material degradation,rock powdering and detachment,as well as painted layer powdering and peeling.These issues are closely related to the poor binding characteristics of sandstone,and the influence of environmental factors like wet-dry cycles and acid rain.After a comprehensive scientific investigation,taking into account the Buddha's conservation condition,two specific conservative strategies are proposed:protective restoration for severe,actively deteriorating issues,and reinforcement for milder,stable diseases.The material applied for protective restoration is a mixture of the natural hydraulic lime(NHL2),the same sandstone powder as used for the Buddha statue,and some auxiliary material.Surface hardness testing ensures the restoration material degrade before the bedrock,serving as a“sacrificial material”to safeguard the stability and safety of the rock matrix.For the reinforcement,organosilicon is applied to strengthen the areas of rock powering,as well as paint powdering and peeling,in order to enhanc

关 键 词：钓鱼城遗址 悬空卧佛 保护修复 最小干预 

分 类 号：K879.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]