进化工程在蓝细菌生物学和生物技术研究中的应用  

Application of Evolutionary Engineering in Cyanobacterial Biology and Biotechnology Research

作　　者：马依凡 孙绘梨 毛绍名[1,2] 栾国栋[3,4,5] 吕雪峰 MA Yi-fan;SUN Hui-li;MAO Shao-ming;LUAN Guo-dong;LV Xue-feng(College of Life Science and Technology,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Key Laboratory of Biofuels,Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China;Shandong Energy Institute,Qingdao 266101,China;Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory,Qingdao 266101,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学林业生物技术湖南省重点实验室,长沙410004 [3]中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所、中国科学院生物燃料重点实验室,青岛266101 [4]山东能源研究院,青岛266101 [5]青岛新能源山东省实验室,青岛266101

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2023年第11期92-104,共13页China Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32270103、32070084)资助项目。

摘　　要：蓝细菌是光合作用、叶绿体起源和植物进化等基础生物学研究的重要模式生物,也作为极具潜力的微生物光合平台在固碳合成领域引起广泛关注。蓝细菌基础生物学研究和生物技术开发过程中面临大量的复杂生理和代谢表型改造需求,理性的靶向改造技术往往难以取得理想效果。进化工程不依赖于对微生物遗传背景和代谢网络的认识,在微生物复杂生理耐受表型改造和相关功能机制解析方面有着显著的技术优势,在蓝细菌基础生物学和生物技术研究中也发挥了重要作用。结合进化工程的技术特点和实施案例,在蓝细菌基础科学机制解析和光合生物制造技术开发两条路线上,对进化工程的应用进展进行了总结并对未来发展方向进行了展望。Cyanobacteria have long been used as model organisms in basic biological research on topics such as photosynthesis,chloroplast origins and plant evolution.Additionally,due to their fast growth,simple culture techniques and convenient genetic manipulation,cyanobacteria have gained increasing attention in photosynthetic bio-manufacturing.One strategy for studying cyanobacteria is to first obtain mutants with specific phenotypes,and then further analyze their functional mutations and related mechanisms.Moreover,in the development of photosynthetic biomanufacturing technologies,enhancing the physiological tolerance of chassis cells is of significant importance for the large-scale application of cyanobacteria photosynthetic cell factories.Evolutionary engineering offers significant advantages in the acquisition of mutants and the optimization of complex physiological tolerance phenotypes,as it does not require knowledge of the microbial genetic background and metabolic network.This paper reviews the progress of evolutionary engineering in the analysis of cyanobacteria physiological metabolism mechanisms and the optimization of physiological tolerance in cyanobacteria photosynthetic biomanufacturing chassis,and meanwhile it also discusses the challenges and future directions of evolutionary engineering in cyanobacteria applications.

关 键 词：蓝细菌 进化工程 生理耐受性 适应性进化 光合作用 

分 类 号：Q93-3[生物学—微生物学]