不同基质对长梗绞股蓝扦插生长特性的影响  

Effects of Different Substrates on the Growth Characteristics of Long Stemmed Gynostemma longipes Cutting

作　　者：文定梅 李豆豆 汪加魏 孙荣喜 郭宝林[2] 吴南生[1] WEN Dingmei;LI Doudou;WANG Jiawei;SUN Rongxi;GUO Baolin;WU Nansheng(Forestry College,Jiangxi Agricultural University/Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture/Choerospondias axillaris,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045;Institute of Medicinal Plants,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100094)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,江西省森林培育重点实验室,南酸枣研究所,江西南昌330045 [2]中国医学科学院药用植物研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第22期100-107,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：中国医学科学院医学科学创新基金资助项目(2021-I2M-1-032)。

摘　　要：以陕西安康平利县“八道”种源长梗绞股蓝为试验材料,采用珍珠岩、泥炭、园土、河沙、蛭石基质为原料按一定配比设置8种基质处理。通过定期或连续测定不同处理基质特性(总孔隙度、持水孔隙度、通气孔隙度)、扦插苗生根(起始萌根时间、生根率)及萌芽生长(萌芽长度、展叶数、生物量)特性、根系形态特征(根平均直径、根总表面积、根总长、根总体积)与叶片生理生态特征(比叶质量、Pn、Gs、Tr、Ci),以明确不同基质处理下长梗绞股蓝扦插过程生根萌芽动态变化的特征,探究基质物理性质对其影响机制,并初步筛选出适宜扦插基质及最佳移栽时间范围。结果表明:在扦插第24天T2(泥炭)处理萌芽长度显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),根总长、根总表面积、根总体积等值最高,且根总长、根总表面积显著高于不含泥炭的试验处理(P<0.05)。在此基础上,又发现扦插苗比根长、根组织密度和萌芽长度均与基质总孔隙度显著相关(P<0.05,R2>0.95),且萌芽长度与比根长和根组织密度也显著相关(P<0.05,R2=0.99)。综上所述,长梗绞股蓝扦插生根萌芽相互影响,而基质总孔隙度是显著影响根和叶生长的主要因素,较高总孔隙度的基质应用有助于缩短扦插繁殖时间,而该研究中泥炭可作为长梗绞股蓝扦插最佳基质,且扦插第12~24天适宜移栽。Taking‘Ba Dao’Gynostemma longipes as the test material which from Pingli county,Ankang,Shaanxi Province,and 8 kinds of substrates were set up with perlite,peat,garden soil,river sand and vermiculite as the raw materials according to different proportion.According to different treatments,the substrate characteristics(total porosity,water-holding porosity,aerated porosity),rooting(initial rooting time,rooting rate)and sprouting growth(sprouting length,leaf number,biomass)characteristics,root morphological characteristics(average root diameter,total root surface area,total root length,total root volume)and leaf physiological and ecological characteristics(specific leaf weight,Pn,Gs,Tr,Ci)were measured regularly or continuously,to clarify the dynamic changing characteristics of Gynostemma longipes′rooting and sprouting under different substrate treatments,to explore the influential mechanism of the substrate′s physical properties on Gynostemma longipes,and preliminarily select the appropriate cutting substrate and the best transplanting time range.The results showed that the sprout length of T2(peat)treatment was significantly higher than other treatments(P<0.05),the total root length,total root surface area and total root volume were the highest,and the total root length and total root surface area were significantly higher than treatment without peat(P<0.05)on the 24th day of cutting.On this basis,it was also found that the specific root length,root length density and sprout length of cuttings were significantly correlated with the total porosity of the matrix(P<0.05,R2>0.95),and the sprout length was also significantly correlated with the specific root length and root length density(P<0.05,R2=0.99).In Conclusion,the rooting and sprouting of Gynostemma longipes cutting affected each other,and the total porosity of the substrate was the main factor that significantly affected the root and leaf growth.The application of the substrate with higher total porosity could help shorten the cutting propagation tim

关 键 词：长梗绞股蓝 扦插基质 根系形态 相关分析 

分 类 号：R931.2[医药卫生—生药学] S604[医药卫生—药学]