高速列车轮轨噪声控制的新型声屏障设计方法研究  

Design method of new type sound barrier for wheel-rail noise control of high-speed train

作　　者：张小安[1] 宋杲 曹兴潇 朱胜阳[2] 杨建近 张晓芸 ZHANG Xiao’an;SONG Gao;CAO Xingxiao;ZHU Shengyang;YANG Jianjin;ZHANG Xiaoyun(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Lab of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,兰州730070 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点试验室,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第23期231-239,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51868037,11790280);甘肃省自然科学基金(22JR5RA344);甘肃省教育厅:青年博士基金(2022QB-063);西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(TPL2102);兰州市科技计划(2018-4-33)。

摘　　要：我国轨道交通的基础建设已得到快速发展。随着新版《中华人民共和国噪声污染防治法》的实施,轨道交通对于沿线声环境的污染防治也将成为后期重点关注的问题之一,因此有必要提高轨道交通重要降噪设备声屏障在隔声性能方面的要求;针对轨道交通轮轨噪声的频段范围,基于Bragg带隙机理提出了三种针对轨道交通轮轨噪声的新型的二维气-固声子晶体型能带结构设计方案,分析了三种设计方案对应的带隙特性,并通过声传递损失评价了三种设计方案的隔声效果。研究表明:结合声子晶体理论设计的能带结构排布方式,能够对特定频段内的轮轨噪声形成高效的阻隔;通过合理设计散射体的布置形式和几何参数,可进一步实现特定多频段的有效隔声;将提出的方案应用于声屏障设计,能针对性地提升声屏障的隔声性能。Infrastructure construction of China’s rail transit has achieved rapid development.With implementation of new version of“Law of China on Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution”,prevention and control of acoustic environment pollution along lines of rail transit will also become one of issues to be focused on later.Therefore,it is necessary to improve requirements of sound insulation performance of sound barrier of important noise reduction equipment of rail transit.Here,aiming at the frequency band range of rail transit wheel-rail noise,based on Bragg band gap mechanism,3 new 2-D gas-solid phononic crystal type energy band structure design schemes for rail transit wheel-rail noise were proposed.Bandgap characteristics corresponding to the 3 design schemes were analyzed,and sound insulation effects of the 3 design schemes were evaluated using sound transmission loss.The study showed that energy band structure arrangements designed by combining phononic crystal theory can effectively block wheel-rail noise in specific frequency bands;by reasonably designing layout and geometric parameters of scattering body,effective sound insulation in specific multi-frequency bands can be further realized;applying the proposed schemes in designing sound barrier can effectively improve sound insulation performance of sound barrier.

关 键 词：轨道交通 声屏障 声子晶体 隔声性能 带隙特性 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3