伊朗莱希政府的保守性务实主义外交  

Raisi's Foreign Policy Based on Conservative Pragmaticism

作　　者：金良祥[1] 钟灵 Jin Liangxiang;Zhong Ling

机构地区：[1]上海国际问题研究院西亚非洲中心 [2]上海国际问题研究院

出　　处：《现代国际关系》2023年第11期119-135,156,共18页

摘　　要：伊朗莱希政府上台后不断调整外交政策,其取向日益明显,主要表现在深化周边缓和外交、坚定“向东看”、加强与全球反美国家的关系,以及疏远与西方国家的关系。美国特朗普政府的“极限施压”和拜登政府的打压政策加速了伊朗国内政治的保守化,并与莱希本人的保守政治倾向结合在一起,是伊朗外交政策保守化的直接原因。同时,伊朗伊斯兰政权力图通过经济增长增强政治合法性,但美国制裁和新冠疫情使伊朗在民生方面面临很大困难。伊朗政治、经济发展中的难题是莱希政府推行务实外交的重大压力。莱希政府的外交政策在保守性的大框架中强调务实主义,以求解决紧迫的民生问题。这种保守性务实主义外交政策在很大程度上维护了伊朗的国内稳定,推进了伊朗与阿拉伯国家的和解,并加速了中东地区国际格局的演进。Recent years have seen changes of Iran's foreign policy after Raisi became president including further de-escalation with neighboring countries,more resolute implementation of"look East"strategy,enhancing relations with anti-American countries and rationally distancing away from the West.Conservative turning as a result of pressures from US Trump and Biden administrations,together with Ibrahim Raisi's personal conservative approach,has made Raisi's foreign policy more conservative.Besides,the necessity of enhancing political legitimacy by economic growth,together with the pressure of improving people's livelihood,has made Iran foreign policy more pragmatic.While conservativism was the framework,pragmaticism was an inevitable choice.Raisi's conservative and pragmatic policy has served to maintain domestic stability at diplomatic level in turmoil years,has contributed to the great de-escalation of tensions in the region,and has facilitated the change of international configuration in the Middle East.

关 键 词：伊朗外交 莱希政府 保守性务实主义 地区秩序 

分 类 号：D837.3[政治法律—政治学]