添加鲜食玉米秸秆青贮对瘤胃细菌多样性的影响  

Effect of Adding Fresh Corn Stover Silage on Rumen Bacterial Diversity

作　　者：刘文 丁得利 林秀蔚 李青莹 韩永胜 李伟 姚美玲 王艳菲 朱元芳 王皓 王德香 黄萌 郭春晖 李红宇 丁丽艳 LIU Wen;DING Deli;LIN Xiuwei;LI Qingying;HAN Yongsheng;LI Wei;YAO Meiling;WANG Yanfei;ZHU Yuanfang;WANG Hao;WANG Dexiang;HUANG Meng;GUO Chunhui;LI Hongyu;DING Liyan(Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar Heilongjiang 163005,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《现代畜牧科技》2023年第12期76-79,共4页Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省外向型农业产业技术协同创新体系;2022年畜牧兽医分院分院自拟课题(ZNKT-202208);齐齐哈尔市科技计划创新激励项目(CNYGG-2022009);财政部和农业农村部:国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：该试验通过瘤胃体外培养,旨在比较不同时间点鲜食玉米秸秆青贮对瘤胃细菌多样性的影响。在屠宰场选取瘤胃液,供体牛为3头体重(350±13)kg的4岁西门塔尔母牛,单因素对比试验设计,以瘤胃体外发酵时间为唯一影响因素,每个时间点为1个试验组,每组3平行。3个瘤胃发酵罐为3个平行样,于发酵开始后的0 h(A组)、12 h(B组)、24 h(C组)、48 h(D组)每罐取样1份。结果表明,鲜食玉米秸秆青贮在不同时间点的瘤胃体外微生物菌群Ace指数、Chao1指数、Shannon指数、Simpson指数和覆盖率指数差异均不显著(P>0.05);在门水平上,4个时间点共同的优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria);随着鲜食玉米秸秆青贮在瘤胃中降解时间的不断延长,瘤胃内Bacteroidota逐渐减少,Proteobacteria逐渐增多。This experiment aimed to compare the effect of fresh corn silage stover on rumen bacterial diversity at different time points by rumen in vitro culture.The rumen fluid was selected from the abattoir,and the donor cows were three 4-yearold Simmental cows weighing(350±13)kg.A one-way comparative experimental design was used,with rumen in vitro fermentation time as the only influencing factor,and each time point was one experimental group,with three parallel groups in each.three rumen fermentation tanks were used as three parallel samples,and one sample was taken from each tank at 0 h(Group A),12 h(Group B),24 h(Group C),and 48 h(Group D)after the start of the fermentation.One sample was taken from each tank.The results showed that:fresh corn stover silage at different time points in the rumen in vitro microflora Ace index,Chao1 index,Shannon index,Simpson index and coverage index differences were not significant(P>0.05);at the level of the phylum,the common dominant phyla of the four time points Firmicutes,Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria;with the continuous prolongation of the degradation time of fresh corn stover silage in the rumen,Bacteroidota gradually decreased and Proteobacteria gradually increased in the rumen.

关 键 词：鲜食玉米 瘤胃体外培养 秸秆青贮 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]