基于“动静结合”理论设计胸腰椎外固定支具与临床疗效研究  

Design of Thoracolumbar Spine External Fixation Support Based on the Theory of“Combination of Motion and Static”and Clinical Efficacy Observation

作　　者：刘恩旭 段嘉豪 蒋浩波 郑洋 杨少锋[1] Liu Enxu;Duan Jiaohao;Jiang Haobo(The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Changsha,Hunan,410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学第一附属医院,湖南长沙410007 [2]湖南中医药大学,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2023年第23期2821-2824,共4页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

基　　金：湖南省科技厅临床医疗技术创新引导项目(2020SK51406)。

摘　　要：目的:观察基于“动静结合”理论设计并制作的胸腰椎外固定支具在单纯胸腰椎体压缩性骨折(vertebral compression fracture,VCF)中的临床应用效果。方法:选取2019年12月—2022年4月湖南中医药大学第一附属医院脊柱一科就诊的60例单纯胸腰VCF患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous ky⁃phoplasty,PKP)组和支具组,每组各30例。比较两组患者治疗前后视觉模拟评分表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、患者Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)评分、脊柱后凸Cobb角、椎体前缘压缩度(anterior vertebral body compression,AVBC)、住院费用及卧床时间。结果:治疗后1 d,两组患者ODI评分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-105.161,P<0.05);治疗后1 d,两组患者VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-13.081,P<0.05);治疗后1 d、治疗后1个月、治疗后3个月、治疗后12个月,两组患者脊柱后凸Cobb角比较,差异有统计学意义(t=13.241、16.336、20.038、16.084,P<0.05);两组患者卧床时间比较,差异无统计学意义(t=2.168,P>0.05);两组患者住院费用比较,差异有统计学意义(t=80.057,P<0.05)结论:PKP与支具在单纯胸腰VCF的治疗上均能发挥较好的临床应用效果,但支具较PKP具有操作简便、创伤小、住院费用低等优势。Objective:To observe the clinical application effect of thoracolumbar external fixation support designed and fabricated based on the theory of“combination of motion and static”in simple vertebral compression fracture(VCF)of thoracolumbar vertebral body.Methods:60 patients with simple thoracolumbar VCF attending the Department of Spine I of the hospital from December 2019 to April 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and were divided into the percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)group and the support group using the random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores,patients’Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)scores,spinal kyphosis Cobb’s angle,anterior vertebral body compression(AVBC),hospitalization costs,and bedtime were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:At 1 d after treatment,the difference in ODI scores between the two groups was statistically significant(t=-105.161,P<0.05).At 1 d after treatment,the difference in VAS scores between the two groups was statistically significant(t=-13.081,P<0.05).The difference in the Cobb angle of kyphosis between the two patient groups was statistically significant at 1 d post-treatment,1 month post-treatment,3 months post-treatment,and 12 months post-treatment(t=13.241,16.336,20.038,16.084,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in bedtime between the two groups(t=2.168,P>0.05).The difference in hospitalization costs between the two groups was statistically significant(t=80.057,P<0.05).Conclusion:PKP and support can play a better clinical application in the treatment of simple thoracolumbar VCF,but the support has the advantages of easy operation,less trauma,and lower hospitalization cost than PKP.

关 键 词：动静结合理论 外固定支具 单纯胸腰椎压缩性骨折 

分 类 号：R683.1[医药卫生—骨科学]