后脱贫时代相对贫困的定量测度、识别体系与监测预警——基于四川省的实践  

Quantitative measurement,identification system and monitoring and early warning of relative poverty in the post-poverty era——Based on practices in Sichuan Province

作　　者：王睿 骆华松[2,3] WANG Rui;LUO Hua-song(School of Geographical Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;Yunnan Normal University Faculty of Geography,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Normal University Graduate School,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学地理科学学院,四川南充637009 [2]云南师范大学地理学部,云南昆明650500 [3]云南师范大学研究生院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《资源开发与市场》2023年第12期1569-1575,共7页Resource Development & Market

基　　金：四川省哲学社会科学规划研究项目(编号:SC21B124);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(编号:21YJC790117)。

摘　　要：随着我国绝对贫困的全面消除,贫困治理重心逐步转向相对贫困,研究相对贫困问题可为中国全面推进乡村振兴和经济社会高质量发展提供科学参考。本文系统分析了后脱贫时代相对贫困的新特征和新内涵,尝试构建后脱贫时代相对贫困评价指标体系,基于改进后的马丁法与生境差异视角划定相对贫困线,以四川省为例进行实证分析。结果表明:(1)四川省相对贫困指数处于0.289—0.762区间,相对贫困人口获得全面发展和提升认知水平的机会相对较少,认知水平和发展机会是影响四川省相对贫困的主要因素;(2)基于改进后的马丁法与生境差异视角对四川省相对贫困线的划定具有一定的合理性,能表征相对贫困人口的实际状况并有助于精准识别相对贫困人口;(3)以农村居民人均可支配收入为判断指标构建的四川省相对贫困监测预警机制,具有较强的适用性,但应与相对贫困线的界定标准有机结合,并落实动态管理的要求。在此基础上,提出了建立解决四川省相对贫困长效机制的政策建议。With the comprehensive elimination of absolute poverty in China,the focus of poverty governance has gradually shifted to relative poverty.The study of relative poverty can provide scientific references for comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization and high-quality development of economic society in China.This paper systematically analyzed the new connotation and characteristics of relative poverty in the post-poverty era,and attempted to construct an evaluation index system of relative poverty in the post-poverty era.Based on the improved Martin′s method and the perspective of habitat difference to delineate the relative poverty line,this paper took Sichuan Province as an example for empirical analysis.The results showed that:①The relative poverty index of Sichuan Province was in the range of 0.289-0.762,and the relatively poor population had relatively few opportunities to obtain comprehensive development and improve their cognitive level,and the cognitive level and development opportunities were the main factors affecting relative poverty in Sichuan Province.②Based on the improved Martin′s method and the perspective of habitat difference,the delineation of the relative poverty line in Sichuan Province was reasonable,which could characterize the actual situation of the relatively poor population and help to accurately identify the relative poverty population.③The monitoring and early warning mechanism for relative poverty in Sichuan Province,constructed using the per capita disposable income of rural residents as a judgment indicator,had strong applicability,but it should be organically combined with the criteria for defining the relative poverty line,and the requirements for dynamic management should be implemented.On this basis,this paper put forward policy recommendations for the establishment of a long-term mechanism to address relative poverty in Sichuan Province.

关 键 词：后脱贫时代 相对贫困 定量测度 预警机制 四川省 

分 类 号：F304[经济管理—产业经济]