基于无人机遥感的林木表型监测进展与展望  

Research progress and prospect on forest tree phenotyping using UAV remote sensing

作　　者：石永磊 周凯 申鑫[1] 崔天翔 曹林[1] SHI Yonglei;ZHOU Kai;SHEN Xin;CUI Tianxiang;CAO Lin(Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第11期13-27,共15页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2200101)。

摘　　要：目前,我国的林业发展仍存在资源总体分布不均、整体质量不高等问题,制约着林业发展从注重数量增长向质量提升的转型。面对国家生态安全、木材安全、粮油安全和“双碳”目标等重大战略需求,迫切需要实现林木表型性状的精准监测,从而实现选育优异种质资源、缩短育种周期、提升林木抗逆性和木材品质等目标。传统的林木表型监测获取的样本少、效率低、精度差且有时还具有一定的破坏性,制约了林木良种选育的效率和质量。缺乏高效精准的高通量表型信息采集方法与分析技术,已成为阻碍林木遗传分析、良种选育等的主要瓶颈之一。现代无人机遥感技术能够智能、快速、精准地获取多尺度林木表型性状动态变化信息,对突破上述林木表型监测瓶颈具有重要意义。借助无人机所获取的高分辨率主被动遥感数据及深度学习、机器学习和数据挖掘等智能分析算法,可精准提取多尺度林木表型性状,为揭示“基因—表型—环境”三者之间的响应关系提供多时相定量数据保障,从而进一步实现优异种质资源筛选、精准栽培、识别和量化胁迫以及抗逆育种等目的。本研究首先介绍了林木表型监测中主要的无人机遥感传感器的应用现状。然后,重点介绍了无人机遥感技术在林木形态结构性状、生理功能性状和生化组分含量提取上的应用进展。最后,从林木表型性状多时相周期性动态监测、无人机多源表型性状数据整合、天空地不同平台遥感数据融合协同监测和林木表型多组学联合分析四方面对无人机林木表型监测遥感技术的未来发展趋势进行了展望。Currently,China’s forestry development still faces challenges such as uneven distribution of resources and overall low quality,which hinder the transformation of forestry development from focusing on quantity growth to quality improvement.In the face of major strategic needs such as national ecological security,timber security,food and oil security,and the“dual carbon”goals,it is urgently necessary to achieve accurate monitoring of tree phenotype traits,thereby selecting excellent germplasm resources,shortening breeding cycles,improving tree resilience,and wood quality.Traditional tree phenotype monitoring methods suffer from limited samples,low efficiency,poor accuracy,and sometimes even destructive processes,which constrain the efficiency and quality of tree breeding.The lack of efficient and accurate high-throughput phenotype information acquisition methods and analysis techniques has become one of the main bottlenecks hindering genetic analysis and fine breeding of trees.Modern unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote sensing technology has the capability to intelligently,rapidly,and accurately capture dynamic changes in tree phenotype traits at multiple scales,which is of great significance for breaking through the bottleneck of tree phenotype monitoring mentioned above.Leveraging high-resolution passive and active remote sensing data obtained by UAV and intelligent analysis algorithms such as deep learning,machine learning,and data mining,it is possible to accurately extract multi-scale tree phenotype traits,providing a quantitative data guarantee for revealing the response relationships between“genes-phenotypes-environment”.This,in turn,facilitates further achievements in the selection of excellent germplasm resources,precision cultivation,identification and quantification of stresses,and resistance breeding.This paper first introduces the current application status of UAV remote sensing sensors in tree phenotype monitoring.Then,it focuses on the application progress of UAV remote sensing technology in

关 键 词：林木表型 无人机 传感器 遥感模型 生理功能性状 形态结构性状 生化组分含量 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]