俄罗斯远东产落叶松木材的气味释放  

Odor release of larch wood(Larix sibirica)from the Russian Far East

作　　者：张思琪 沈隽[1] 王伟东 陈宇 ZHANG Siqi;SHEN Jun;WANG Weidong;CHEN Yu(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第11期193-202,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971582);中央财政林业科技推广项目(黑[2021]TG18)。

摘　　要：【目的】我国木材资源相对匮乏,每年从俄罗斯进口了大量针叶木材,其中俄罗斯远东产落叶松占有很大的比例。落叶松木材以其生长迅速、耐腐蚀性高、力学强度大、纹理美丽等优点,成为常见的建筑、家具和人造板用材。拟将俄罗斯远东产落叶松木材为研究对象,丰富常用木材加工树种木材的气味物质数据库。【方法】以俄罗斯远东产落叶松木材为研究对象,采用气相色谱-质谱/嗅觉技术探究不同温度环境条件下木材所释放的挥发性、极易挥发性有机化合物的组分、浓度和气味特征。【结果】俄罗斯远东产落叶松木材共释放出94种挥发性有机化合物和11种极易挥发性有机化合物中,包括91种气味活性化合物,芳香族类和烯烃类化合物是其主要气味活性组分。木材关键气味活性化合物分别为1-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)-苯、苯、对二甲苯、1R-à-蒎烯、α-蒎烯、1-甲基-4-(1-甲基亚乙基)-环己烯、莰烯、à-石竹烯、柠檬烯、乙醛、醋酸,这11种物质对俄罗斯落远东产叶松木材的气味特征影响最大。根据积分效应,鉴定到的气味共分为芳香调、木质调、甜香调、辛辣调、刺鼻调和其他调6种香型。【结论】随着温度的升高,木材释放气味活性化合物的质量浓度和气味强度明显增大,甜香调和芳香调始终为主要香型,为整体气味的形成做出了重要贡献。【Objective】China is relatively short of wood resources.A large number of coniferous wood are imported from Russia every year,among which the larch(Larix sibirica)produced in the Russian Far East accounts for a large proportion.Larch wood has become a common building,furniture and wood-based panel material because of its rapid growth,high corrosion resistance,high mechanical strength,beautiful texture and other advantages.This paper intends to take larch wood from the Russian Far East as the research object,and enrich the database of odor substances of commonly used wood processing trees.【Method】The composition,concentration and odor characteristics of volatile and highly volatile organic compounds released from larch wood in the Russian Far East under different temperature and environmental conditions were studied by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactory technology.【Result】A total of 94 volatile organic compounds and 11 highly volatile organic compounds were released from larch wood from the Russian Far East,including 91 odor-active compounds.Aromatic and olefin compounds were the main odor-active components.The key odor active compounds of wood were 1-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-benzene,benzene,p-xylene,1R-à-pineneα-Pinene,1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexene,camphene,à-caryophyllene,limonene,acetaldehyde,acetic acid,these 11 substances had the greatest impact on the odor characteristics of larch wood from the Russian Far East.According to the integral effect,the identified odor could be divided into six types:aromatic,woody,sweet,spicy,pungent and other.【Conclusion】As the temperature increases,the mass concentration and odor intensity of odor active compounds released from wood significantly increase.Sweet and aromatic notes are always the main aroma types,making an important contribution to the formation of the overall odor.

关 键 词：气相色谱-质谱-嗅闻技术 俄罗斯远东产落叶松木材 挥发性有机化合物 极易挥发性有机化合物 气味活性化合物 气味特征 

分 类 号：S791.229[农业科学—林木遗传育种]