打破硬实处理对几种野生山野豌豆种子萌发和生长的影响  

Effect of Breaking Hard Treatment on Seed Germination andGrowth of Several Wild Vicia amoena

作　　者：刘佳星 张娟 LIU Jiaxing;ZHANG Juan(Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010100,China;Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Resources Protection Center of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010100,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心,呼和浩特010100 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业生态与资源保护中心,呼和浩特010100

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2023年第5期25-28,共4页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(zdzx2018049)。

摘　　要：为探究打破硬实处理对几种山野豌豆种子萌发的影响。试验通过测定种子吸水量,恒温条件自然状态下几种山野豌豆种子发芽率,并采用机械方法刀片划破种皮处理,观测打破硬实休眠处理下几种山野豌豆种子的发芽率和发芽势。结果表明,山野豌豆种子具有硬实休眠特性,且休眠程度较深,其硬实率为71%~73%。物理处理刀片划破种皮能够有效破除硬实休眠,可使发芽率提高到82%~85%。山野豌豆种子萌发时吸水较快,10~14 h即达吸水高峰,然后进入吸水滞缓期,需持续72~74 h种子开始萌动,开始发芽。不同地区野生山野豌豆种子均具有硬实休眠特性,休眠程度较深,在自然环境下的发芽率较低;在采用机械方法打破硬实处理后发芽率明显提高。除植株生长天数存在差异外,其余生长性状基本一致。To Explore the effect of breaking hard treatment on the germination of several wild Vicia amoena.By measuring the amount of water,the germination rate of several wild seeds under constant temperature,and the germination rate and germination potential of several wild seeds by mechanical blade cutting.Wild Vicia amoena seeds had the characteristics of firmness dormancy,and the dormancy degree was deep,and its firmness rate was 71%-73%.Mechanical treatment could effectively break the hard solid dormancy,which could improve the germination rate to 82%-85%.Wild wild pea seeds germinate quickly,which reached the peak of water absorption in 10-12 h,The seeds need to sprout for 72-74 h,and then enter the second water absorption peak and start to germinate.Wild Vicia amoena seeds in different areas had solid dormancy characteristics,with deep dormancy degree and low germination rate in natural environment.The germination rate was significantly increased after mechanical treatment.The phenological period were generally consistent except for the difference in plant growth days.

关 键 词：山野豌豆 种子 打破硬实 吸水 发芽率 

分 类 号：S542.3[农业科学—作物学]