特种玄武岩缝纫线的制备工艺及其性能  

Preparation and properties of special basalt sewing threads

作　　者：骆春旭 龚浩然 吴敏勇 黄丛 刘可帅[1] LUO Chunxu;GONG Haoran;WU Minyong;HUANG Cong;LIU Keshuai(State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan,Hubei 430200,China;Huierjie New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xiangyang,Hubei 441102,China;China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Space Engineering General Department,Beijing 100854,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学省部共建纺织新材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430200 [2]汇尔杰新材料科技股份有限公司,湖北襄阳441102 [3]中国航天科工集团空间工程总体部,北京100854

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第11期61-66,共6页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52203373)。

摘　　要：为制备具有高强、高模、耐化学腐蚀以及抗原子氧等性能的玄武岩高性能缝纫线,利用空心锭包覆纺纱机构,选用聚酰胺长丝为外包覆纱,对双股无捻玄武岩长丝进行双向包覆,研究不同捻度、不同线密度外包覆纱对其拉伸断裂强力及耐磨性能的影响,并分析了包覆纱断裂形貌。结果表明:所纺制的包覆纱强力相较芯丝均有提高,断裂强力提升23%~29%;在一定捻度变化区间内,捻度的增加会使包覆纱断裂强力呈现先升高后降低的趋势,使耐磨程度呈现先减弱后增强的趋势,且在650捻/m时断裂强力最高;不同线密度外包覆纱对芯纱有不同的赋强作用,线密度越大成纱强力越高;芯纱拉伸断裂形态通常为2种,即在表面包覆间距处出现不同程度凸起或呈原纤化劈裂。Objective As one of the most widely used inorganic fiber,basalt fiber has the advantage of high strength,high modulus,excellent chemical corrosion resistance and anti-atomic oxygen properties.Thus,it can be used as a high-temperature resistant sewing thread material in aviation and military industries.However,its high brittleness and poor-wear resistance strongly restrict the processibility and final application of basalt fiber.In order to prepare basalt fiber based high-performance sewing threads,polyamide filaments were introduced to incorporate with basalt fiber for fabricating composites yarns.Method Using a hollow spindle covering spinning mechanism,the polyamide filament yarn was used as the sheath to coat the double-stranded basalt filament yarn in both directions.In this case,the basalt core yarn was arranged vertically in the coating yarn and was coated by the outer polyamide filament.The outer coating yarn not only contributed to the strength but also provided strong wear-resistance,laying the foundation for the preparation of excellent sewing threads with both flexibility and high strength properties.Results The overall strength of all five different double-coated yarns was increased over the core basalt yarn by about 23%to 29%.The basalt core yarn was axially arranged in the composite yarn retaining the core yarn strength,while the outer coating yarn also contributed to the strength resulting in enhanced strength of the composite yarn.The breaking force maximized when the wrapping twist was 650 twists/m(Tab.2).At this twist,the yarn exhibited the highest breaking elongation,indicating that the yarn has good flexibility.When the twist increased to 750 twists/m,the breaking strength of the yarn decreased sharply by 3.20 cN/tex.The strength variations of three different yarn densities were compared by selecting the optimal strength at 650 twists/m(Tab.3).It showed that the higher the density of the composite yarn,the higher the strength of the yarn.The coated yarn of 16.7 tex in this research had the hig

关 键 词：玄武岩长丝 包覆纱 空心锭 捻度 断裂强力 聚酰胺长丝 

分 类 号：TS104.1[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]