高温自交联抗熔滴阻燃涤纶织物的制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of high temperature self-crosslinked anti-dripping and flame-retardant polyester fabric

作　　者：肖云超 杨雅茹 郭健鑫 王童谣 田强 XIAO Yunchao;YANG Yaru;GUO Jianxin;WANG Tongyao;TIAN Qiang(College of Materials and Textile Engineering,Jiaxing University,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314001,China;Nanotechnology Research Institute,Jiaxing University,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314001,China;Zibo Dayang Flame Retardant Products Co.,Ltd.,Zibo,Shandong 255300,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴学院材料与纺织工程学院,浙江嘉兴314001 [2]嘉兴学院纳米技术研究院,浙江嘉兴314001 [3]淄博大洋阻燃制品有限公司,山东淄博255300

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第11期151-159,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ21E030008,LQ22C100002);浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(新苗人才计划)项目(2022R417002)。

摘　　要：针对涤纶织物易燃、熔滴严重的问题,采用甲基膦酸(5-乙基-2-甲基-2-氧代-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己-5-基)甲基甲基酯(EMD)和N-苯基马来酰亚胺(N-PMI)构建新型磷-氮协同阻燃体系,采用浸轧法对涤纶织物进行后整理,研究其阻燃性能和阻燃机制。结果表明:EMD和N-PMI存在协同阻燃作用,整理后涤纶织物的极限氧指数达到35.1%,燃烧过程中不再产生熔滴,热释放速率峰值和总热释放量比纯涤纶织物分别降低了48.6%和20.8%,且力学性能和透气性不受明显影响;整理后涤纶织物表现出典型的凝聚相阻燃机制,与纯涤纶织物相比,其燃烧生成炭层的致密性、连续性及热稳定性均显著提高,从而能起到良好的屏障作用,而其抗熔滴性提高的主要原因则是伴随着熔融发生的高温自交联。Objective Fire hazard has caused great losses to human life and property,and textile fire is one of the main causes of fire disaster.As the mostly used chemical fiber in the world,polyester fiber is widely used in clothing,home textiles,transportation and other fields.However,it is a flammable material,and its burning is accompanied with serious dripping of droplets,which is prone to cause secondary injuries and fire spread.Therefore,it is of great significance to modify the polyester fabrics for flame-retardant and anti-dripping performance.Method Alkali washing and plasma treatment were employed to pretreat polyester(PET)fabric,which activated and etched the PET fiber,so as to improve the infiltration and adhesion of flame-retardant as well as the flame-retardant durability.After that,methyl phosphonic acid(5-ethyl-2-methyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxo-5-yl)methyl methyl ester(EMD)and N-phenylmaleimide(N-PMI)were compounded to form a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic system for the leaching treatment of polyester fabric.By combining the flame-retardant of EMD with the crosslinking and char formation promotion property of N-PMI,the flame-retardant and anti-dripping performance of polyester fabric could be simultaneously improved.Results Scanning electronic microscopy(SEM)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)results showed that the impurities on the surface of the polyester fabric were significantly reduced after alkali washing,and the grooves generated by plasma etching were obviously visible in the fiber surface(Fig.1 and Fig.2).After leaching and finishing,EMD and N-PMI were uniformly adhered to the surface of PET fiber.The limiting oxygen index(LOI)and vertical burning test results showed that the LOI value of PET-EMD(PET treated with EMD only)was significantly increased,but the droplet phenomenon was not improved(Tab.2).The LOI value of PET-N-PMI(PET treated with N-PMI only)was not increased much,but the droplet dripping is obviously reduced.In contrast,the flame-retardant and anti-dripping performance of po

关 键 词：涤纶 阻燃 抗熔滴 织物后整理 磷-氮协同阻燃 阻燃机制 等离子体预处理 

分 类 号：TS195.59[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程] TB332[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]