大型永磁风力发电机整体充磁系统设计及应用  

Design and Application of the Post Assembly Magnetization System for Large Permanent Magnet Wind Generators

作　　者：李亮[1,2] 涂章 李锐[1,2] 徐巍[1,2] 丁洪发[1,2] 彭涛 韩小涛[1,2] 戴碧君[3] 张铭继[3] 贺玉民 罗荣锋 邹应冬[6] 吕以亮 Li Liang;Tu Zhang;Li Rui;Xu Wei;Ding Hongfa;Peng Tao;Han Xiaotao;Dai Bijun;Zhang Mingji;He Yumin;Luo Rongfeng;Zou Yingdong;LüYiliang(Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074 China;School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074 China;Yongji Electric Co.Ltd China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation,Xi’an 710000 China;Xiangtan Electric Manufacturing Co.Ltd,Xiangtan 411100 China;Ming Yang Smart Energy Group Limited,Zhongshan 528400 China;Dongfang Electric Machinery Co.Ltd Dongfang Electric Corporation,Deyang 618000 China)

机构地区：[1]国家脉冲强磁场科学中心(华中科技大学),武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉430074 [3]中车永济电机有限公司,西安710000 [4]湘潭电机股份有限公司,湘潭411100 [5]明阳智慧能源集团股份公司,中山528400 [6]东方电气集团东方电机有限公司,德阳618000

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第24期6596-6608,共13页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51821005)。

摘　　要：在传统的大型永磁电机磁极制造过程中,采用的“先充磁后组装”预充磁技术存在生产效率低、安全风险大等问题。为此,该文提出一种大型永磁风力发电机整体充磁技术,将传统的“先充磁后组装”改为“先组装后充磁”,有效地提高了装配精度、生产效率和安全性。首先通过研究N46SH钕铁硼永磁材料在多角度外磁场中的磁化及退磁行为,获得其在不同磁场方向下的饱和磁化判据;然后针对MW级直驱和半直驱风力发电机结构,提出其整体充磁系统中充磁线圈的设计方法,重点阐述充磁线圈的电-磁-热-力分析;最后以在2.5 MW直驱和20 MW半直驱风力发电机的整体充磁应用为例,研制了充磁线圈及其冷却系统、充磁电源、旋转推进系统和测量控制系统,成功应用于湘电和中车等企业的MW级系列永磁风力发电机的制造与维护,该文设计方法的可靠性得到有效验证。In the conventional manufacturing process of large permanent magnet motors,the prevalent“magnetize then assemble”pre-magnetized technique is fraught with challenges such as low production efficiency and significant safety risks.Addressing these issues,this research introduces an innovative postassembly magnetization method for large permanent magnet wind turbine generators.This method revolutionizes the traditional approach by advocating for“assemble then magnetize”,substantially enhancing assembly accuracy,production efficiency,and safety.This research initially focused on the magnetization and demagnetization behaviors of N46SH neodymium-iron-boron(NdFeB)permanent magnet materials under various external magnetic field orientations.It established criteria for deter mining the saturation magnetization strength in different magnetic field directions,laying the foundation for subsequent magnetizing coil design.For megawatt-level direct-drive and half-dirve wind turbine generators,a comprehensive design method was proposed for magnetizing coil systems within the post-assembly magnetization system.This involved an in-depth electromagnetic,thermal,and mechanical analysis of the magnetizing coils,with a particular emphasis on addressing the eddy current issues during magnetization,calculations of the coil cooling process,and stress distribution within the coils.The study further introduced case studies of post-assembly magnetization applications in 2.5 MW direct-drive and 20 MW half-drive wind turbine generators,encompassing the design and functionality of magnetizing coils,cooling systems,magnetizing power sources,rotational and propulsion systems,and measurement and control systems.The application of the proposed method in the manufacturing and maintenance processes of megawatt-scale permanent magnet wind turbines generators was illustrated,especially in its adoption by industry leaders such as Xiangdian Electric Manufacturing Company Limited(XEMC)and China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation(CRRC).The stabilit

关 键 词：整体充磁 永磁电机 脉冲磁场 磁特性 有限元法 

分 类 号：TM153[电气工程—电工理论与新技术] TM351