火箭引雷至架空线路与地面近距离磁场对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Close Magnetic Field of Rocket-Triggered Lightning Striking the Overhead Line and the Ground

作　　者：蔡力[1] 杜懿阳 胡强[1] 周蜜[1] 王建国[1] Cai Li;Du Yiyang;Hu Qiang Z;hou Mi;Wang Jianguo(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072 China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第24期6798-6806,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52177154);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2042023kf0183)资助项目。

摘　　要：2019年夏季在广东开展了引雷至架空线路和引雷至地面两种工况下的人工引雷试验。分别对两种不同试验工况雷电产生的不同距离磁场波形数据进行测量。分析了不同距离的总磁感应强度峰值、先导磁感应强度峰值、回击磁感应强度峰值、10%~90%上升时间和半宽时间等磁场波形参数,对比了两种引雷情况下不同距离回击磁场波形参数的差异。结果表明,引雷至架空线路情况下磁场幅值更低,约低12%,引雷至线路情况下磁场10%~90%上升时间和半宽时间更大,分别高出约60%和70%。总磁感应强度峰值随着距离的增大呈幂函数衰减,引雷至地面情况下总磁感应强度峰值衰减得更快。回击磁感应强度峰值同样呈现出相似的规律,而先导磁感应强度峰值与距离之间不存在明显单调变化的关系。两种引雷情况下,不同距离的总磁感应强度峰值与回击电流峰值之间均存在线性关系。Lightning has the discharge characteristics of high-current,fast-changing,which is the main cause of tripping of power transmission lines.Rocket-triggered lightning experiments are an important way to study lightning,to test the reasonableness of the return stroke model of cloud-to-ground lightning,and to evaluate the effectiveness of the lightning location system.However,most rocket-triggered lightning experiments involve lightning that strikes the ground directly.Related studies have shown that the properties of the struck object affect the parameters of lightning.Overhead lines are an important part of power networks and one of the most important targets for lightning strikes.It is necessary to study the interaction of lightning with overhead lines.In this paper,we will analyze the characteristics of the close magnetic field parameters of rocket-triggered lightning in the case of lightning to the ground and lightning to the overhead lines,compare whether there are differences,and analyze the relationship between magnetic field parameters and the measured distance.Rocket-triggered lightning experiments were conducted in Guangdong,China,in the summer of 2019.There are two types of lightning strikes,one for triggering lightning to 10 kV overhead lines and one for triggering lightning to the ground.Lightning currents were measured using a coaxial shunt with a resistance value of 1 mΩ.Three observation points were set up,and magnetic field waveform data generated by lightning at close range were measured using magnetic rods with several turns of coils wound around them as magnetic field sensors.The distances from the three observation points to the lightning channel from the lightning to the ground are 58 m,90 m and 1600 m respectively,and the distances to the lightning channel from the lightning to the line are 18 m,130 m and 1550 m respectively.Five parameters of the return stroke magnetic field waveform were defined,namely,the total magnetic field peak,the leader magnetic field peak,the return stroke magnetic f

关 键 词：火箭引雷 回击 架空线路 磁场 回击电流 

分 类 号：TM863[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]