双砧木嫁接对西瓜根际土壤生物学性状及细菌群落结构的影响  

Effects of double rootstock grafting on watermelon rhizosphere soil biological properties and bacterial community structure

作　　者：郭松[1] 于蓉[1] 董瑞[1] 李程[1] 田梅[1] GUO Song;YU Rong;DONG Rui;LI Cheng;TIAN Mei(Institute of Horticulture,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,银川750002

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第12期59-63,共5页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2022BBF02025);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金(2021AAC03265);“十四五”农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-7);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-25)。

摘　　要：为提高嫁接西瓜品质及连作土传病害的抗性,揭示双砧木嫁接增强植株抗性的机制,以西瓜单砧嫁接为对照,基于高通量测序技术分析双砧嫁接、中间砧嫁接根际土壤的生物学性状及细菌群落结构特征。结果表明,与对照相比,双砧嫁接处理有助于富集根际土壤中碳、氮、磷3种微生物生物量;根际土壤中的放线菌数量显著提高36.64%;根际土壤β-葡糖苷酶、氨肽酶、磷酸酶活性分别显著提高9.01%、16.07%和13.14%;其拥有丰富的特有分类操作单元OTU(Operational Taxonomic Unit)数量及不同占比的共有优势细菌门属,显著提高变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、螺旋体菌门(Saccharibacteria)等的占比。双砧嫁接处理有助于提高土壤微环境中相关酶活性、微生物数量等,通过砧穗间相互调节作用缓解胁迫因子的伤害,同时增强了嫁接西瓜的抗性,为进一步利用双砧嫁接技术提供了理论依据。In order to improve the quality of grafted watermelon and the resistance to soil borne diseases in continuous cropping,reveal the mechanism of double rootstock grafting to enhance plant resistance,and discuss the effects of double rootstock grafting on biological properties and bacterial community structure of watermelon rhizosphere soil,the biological characteristics and bacterial community structure of rhizosphere soil grafted with double rootstocks and interstocks were analyzed based on high-throughput sequencing technology with watermelon single rootstock as control.The results showed that microbial biomass C,microbial biomass N and microbial biomass P in rhizosphere soil of double rootstock grafting treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments.The actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil increased by 36.64%;The activities of rhizosphere soil ofβ-glucosidase,aminopeptidase,and phosphatase increased by 9.01%,16.07%and 13.14%,respectively.Double rootstock grafting has a rich number of unique OTUs and different proportions of common dominant bacteria.Double rootstock grafting improved the availability of nutrients in the rhizosphere soil of watermelon,the activity of phosphatase and other enzymes in the rhizosphere soil,improved the fertility of the plant rhizosphere soil microenvironment,and enhanced the resistance of grafted watermelon.It provides a theoretical basis for further using double rootstock grafting technology.

关 键 词：西瓜 中间砧 双砧嫁接 土壤生物学性状 细菌群落结构 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]