贵州习水国家级自然保护区大型真菌多样性资源调查  

Diversity survey of macrofungi resources in the Xishui National Nature Reserve,Guizhou province,China

作　　者：刘海飞 邓春英[2] 李丹[2] 赵艺芳 李明珠 汤晓辛[1] LIU Haifei;DENG Chunying;LI Dan;ZHAO Yifang;LI Mingzhu;TANG Xiaoxin(School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Academy of Science,Guiyang 550001,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州科学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第12期78-84,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：贵州省武陵-苗岭山区菌物资源普查(黔科合支撑[2019]2451-2号)。

摘　　要：为进一步明确区域生物多样性,采用踏查法开展了贵州习水国家级自然保护区大型真菌调查,采集标本1089份,通过形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定物种。结果表明,结合历史文献资料,该区共分布大型真菌459种,隶属于2门7纲20目84科204属,其中优势科有红菇科Russulaceae和多孔菌科Polyporaceae等12科,占总种数的50.33%;优势属有红菇属Russula和鹅膏属Amanita等17个属,占总种数的38.56%;食用菌有172种、药用菌78种、食药兼用75种、有毒菌56种。区系分析的结果表明,贵州习水国家级自然保护区大型真菌主要为世界分布属,在亲缘关系上与梵净山相似性系数最高,说明与梵净山大型真菌起源具有一定相关性。该保护区大型真菌资源丰富,且经济物种较多。研究结果为该区大型真菌开发利用、科学研究提供了理论基础。In order to further clarify the regional biodiversity,a survey of macrofungi in the Xishui National Nature Reserve in Guizhou was conducted by random stepping method,and 1089 specimens were collected.These species were identified by morphological and molecular biological methods.The results showed that there were 459 species of macrofungi distributed in the area,belonging to 2 phylums,7 classes,20 orders,84 families and 204 genera,among which the dominant families include 12 families such as Russulaceae and Polyporaceae,accounting for 50.33%of the total number of species.The dominant genera included 17 genera such as Russula and Amanita accounting for 38.56%of the total number of species.There were 172 species of edible fungi,78 species of medicinal fungi,75 species of edible and medicinal fungi and 56 species of poisonous fungi.The results of floristic analysis showed that the macrofungi of Guizhou Xishui National Nature Reserve were mainly world distribution genus,and the similarity coefficient was the highest in kinship with Fanjing Mountain,indicating that it had a certain correlation with the origin of Fanjing Mountain macrofungi.The protected area was rich in macrofungi resources,and more economic species.This paper can provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of macrofungi and scientific research in this area.

关 键 词：大型真菌 多样性 资源评价 区系 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]