不同液体培养基质与模式对星孢寄生菇生长发育的影响  

Effects of different liquid fermentation matrix and modes on the growth and development of Asterophora lycoperdoides

作　　者：彭泽琴 唐荣平 周会明 王婷 肖龙滨 王颖 朱远爱 崔羽彤 李贤林 PENG Zeqin;TANG Rongping;ZHOU Huiming;WANG Ting;XIAO Longbin;WANG Ying;ZHU Yuan’ai;CUI Yutong;LI Xianlin(School of Biotechnology and Engineering,West Yunnan University,Lincang 677000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]滇西科技师范学院生物技术与工程学院,云南临沧677000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第12期85-92,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：云南省地方本科高校(部分)基础研究联合专项面上项目[2019FH001(-059)]。

摘　　要：为探究星孢寄生菇的生长发育过程及其与基质的关系,采用液体摇瓶与静置发酵的方法,分析了12种发酵基质对该菇个体发育的影响。结果表明,木屑基质上该菇在摇瓶培养中菌丝萌发和菌球形成的时间长且经静置培养后所有子实体上布满厚垣孢子的周期最短(14 d),而鸡粪基质上周期最长,棉籽壳、黑豆、香菇以及灰肉红菇基质上子实体发育最为正常。发酵液pH从菌丝生长期至厚垣孢子形成期逐渐增加,其体积逐渐减小且在不同基质上因发育时期的不同差异较大。菇类与黑豆有利于该菇摇瓶发酵阶段生物量的积累,棉籽壳与菌糠可以促进静置发酵阶段的生物量,木屑、灵芝及菌糠有利于提高其绝对生物学效率与菌球形成率。综上所述,营养因子的变化直接影响星孢寄生菇的形态发生、菌体转化、厚垣孢子形成等生长发育过程,研究结果可为加快其他珍稀菇类的开发利用进程提供理论参考。To explore the growth and development process of Asterophora lycoperdoides and its relationship with matrix,the effects of 12 culture matrix on its the ontogenetic development were analyzed using the liquid shake flask and static fermentation.The results showed that the time of mycelium germination and ball formation of A.lycoperdoides was long in shake flask culture on sawdust matrix,and the cycle of all fruiting bodies covered with chlamydospores was the shortest(14 d)after static culture,while the cycle on the chicken manure matrix was the longest.The fruiting bodies on the matrix of cottonseed husk,black beans,Lentinus edodes and Russula griseocarnosa matrix were the most normal.The pH value of the culture liquid increased gradually from mycelial growth period to chlamydospore formation period,and its volume decreases gradually and varies greatly in different matrix due to different development period.Mushrooms and black beans are conducive to the accumulation of its biomass in the shake flask fermentation stage,cottonseed husk and fungus chaff can promote the biomass in the static culture stage,sawdust,Ganoderma lucidum and fungus chaff are conducive to improve the absolute biological efficiency and the formation rate of mycelium balls.In conclusion,the changes of nutritional factors directly affect the growth and development process and results of A.lycoperdoides,such as morphogenesis,thallus transformation,and chlamydospore formation,which provides a theoretical reference for accelerating the development and utilization of other rare mushrooms.

关 键 词：星孢寄生菇 液体基质 摇动培养 静置培养 个体发育 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]