秋季涠洲岛珊瑚礁主要鱼类营养关系的初步研究  

Preliminary study on the trophic relationship of dominant fishes in coral reefs of Weizhou Island in autumn

作　　者：彭谦 王啟芳 宋普庆 黄丁勇 张涵 王建佳 郑新庆 Peng Qian;Wang Qifang;Song Puqing;Huang Dingyong;Zhang Han;Wang Jianjia;Zheng Xinqing(College of Marine Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wet-land Ecosystem in Beibu Gulf,Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beihai 536007,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration,Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]自然资源部第三海洋研究所北部湾滨海湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站,广西北海536007 [3]自然资源部第三海洋研究所海洋生态保护和修复重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋学报》2023年第9期91-104,共14页

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3102001);自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费(2020017)。

摘　　要：本研究利用碳、氮稳定同位素(δ^(13)C、δ^(15)N)技术,估算了秋季涠洲岛珊瑚礁主要鱼类的营养级(TL)和主要碳源,结合6个群落营养结构量化指标,初步分析秋季涠洲岛珊瑚礁主要鱼类的营养关系。结果表明,不同鱼类之间的δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N值差异显著(p<0.01),其中,δ^(13)C值介于-18.3‰~-15.4‰,δ^(15)N值介于12.9‰~16.3‰。鱼类TL介于2.5~3.4,平均TL为3.0±0.8,显示涠洲岛的鱼类以肉食性为主。涠洲岛鱼类的有机碳源比较复杂,但大型海藻和底栖微藻是驱动鱼类食物网的关键碳源。鱼类群落的食源多样性水平和营养级长度(CR和NR)分别为2.35和3.09。凸多边形总面积(TA)、平均离心距离(CD)、平均最近相邻距离(MNND)和最近相邻距离的标准差(SDNND)分别为4.48、0.89、0.40和0.29,表明涠洲岛珊瑚礁鱼类群落的营养结构具有营养冗余程度较高,但食物链较短和营养多样性低等特征。以上结果表明,涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态系统食物网结构不完整,未来有必要开展适当的管控和修复措施恢复涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态系统的结构和功能。Here,stable carbon and nitrogen isotope(δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N)techniques are used to estimate the trophic levels(TL)and main carbon sources of the dominant fish in the coral reefs of Weizhou Island in autumn.Combined with the six quantitative indicators of community trophic structure,the trophic relationship of the dominant fish in the coral reefs of Weizhou Island in autumn is preliminarily analyzed.The results show that theδ^(13)C andδ^(15)N values of different fishes are significantly different(p<0.01).Theδ^(13)C values are between-18.3‰and-15.4‰,and theδ^(15)N values are between 12.9‰and 16.3‰.The trophic levels of fish ranged from 2.5 to 3.4,with an average val-ues of 3.0±0.8,indicating that fish in Weizhou Island are mainly carnivorous.The organic carbon sources of fish in Weizhou Island are complex,but macroalgae and benthic microalgae are the key carbon sources fuelling fish food webs.The food source diversity level and trophic level length(CR and NR)of fish community are 2.35 and 3.09,respectively.The total area(TA),mean centrifugal distance(CD),mean nearest neighbor distance(MNND)and standard deviation of nearest neighbor distance(SDNND)are 4.48,0.89,0.40 and 0.29,respectively.These above indicators suggest that the trophic structure of coral reef fish community in Weizhou Island has a high de-gree of nutritional redundancy,but the food chain is short and the nutritional diversity is low.The coral reef ecosys-tem in Weizhou Island is incomplete in food web structure.In the future,it is necessary to carry out appropriate control and restoration measures to restore the structure and function of the coral reef ecosystem in Weizhou Island.

关 键 词：珊瑚礁鱼类 营养关系 碳氮稳定同位素 涠洲岛 

分 类 号：P714.4[天文地球—海洋科学] P714.5