棉花陆海渐渗系BC_(4)F_(3:5)群体棉籽营养品质及大小相关性状遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis of Nutrient Quality and Size Related Traits of Cottonseed in BC_(4)F_(3:5)Population of Cotton Chromosome Segment Introgression Lines

作　　者：栾玉娟 刘小芳 白冰楠 乔丹 卢全伟[2,3] 郭金英[1] LUAN Yujuan;LIU Xiaofang;BAI Bingnan;QIAO Dan;LU Quanwei;GUO Jinying(Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056000,China;Anyang Institute of Technology,Anyang 455000,China;Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS,Anyang 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学,河北邯郸056000 [2]安阳工学院,河南安阳455000 [3]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《安阳工学院学报》2023年第6期108-116,共9页Journal of Anyang Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1804103)。

摘　　要：棉籽中富含蛋白质和脂肪,是饲用蛋白和油料的重要来源。本研究以陆地棉“中棉所45”为轮回亲本,海岛棉“Hai1”为供体亲本构建的BC_(4)F_(3:5)染色体片段代换系群体作为研究对象,对该群体多年多点5个环境中的棉籽蛋白质含量、油分等相关营养品质含量及籽粒大小等相关性状进行分析,旨在揭示棉花陆海渐渗系BC_(4)F_(3:5)棉籽主要营养成分含量性状之间及其与籽粒大小性状间的遗传关系。结果表明,BC_(4)F_(3:5)群体中棉籽主要营养成分及籽粒大小相关性状均呈正态分布,棉籽油分和蛋白质含量的平均值基本接近轮回亲本“中棉所45”,群体内遗传变异较为丰富。棉籽棕榈酸含量与油分呈正相关,亚油酸和亚麻酸含量与油分呈负相关,油分与蛋白质间呈显著负相关,5个环境下棉籽油分含量与籽粒宽度呈正相关,棉籽蛋白质含量与籽粒宽度呈负相关;基因型、环境以及两者互作对棉籽油分和蛋白质含量以及粒宽和粒长均有极显著影响;基因型对棕榈酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量有极显著影响,环境对棕榈酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量有极显著影响,但二者对棕榈酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量互作效应不显著。研究结果为棉花种子品质改良提供了理论基础和借鉴,并为棉籽油分、蛋白质等营养品质及大小相关QTL的挖掘及分子育种等储备了大量的基础材料。In this study,the research focused on the BC4F3:5 population of chromosome fragment substitution lines.The population was developed using Hail cotton as donor parent and CCRI 45 of upland cotton as the recurrent parent.The investigation and analysis of cottonseed protein content,oil content,related nutritional quality,and grain size were conducted in five diferent environments-Anyang,Xinjiang,Xinjiang,Zhoukou(in both 2011 and 2015).The objective was to uncover the genetic relationship between the main nutrient content traits and grain size traits in the BC4F3:5 population of cotton chromosome segment introgression lines.The results revealed that the primary nutrients and size-related traits of cottonseed in the BC4F3:5 population followed a normally distribution.The average values of cottonseed oil content and protein content were similar to those of the recurrent parent"CCRI 45".Moreover,the population displayed abundant genetic variation.The content of cottonseed palmitic acid showed a positive correlated with oil content.Additionally,a significant negative correlation was found between oil content and protein content.Genotype,environment and their interaction exhibited significant effects on oil content,protein content,grain width,and grain length.Notably,genotypes had a significant impact on the contents of palmitic acid,linoleic acid,and linolenic acid,while the environment significantly influenced the levels of these fatty acids.However,the interaction between genotype and environment was found to be insignificant.The findings of this research provide a theoretical foundation and serve as a reference for enhancing cotton seed quality.Furthermore,they contribute a substantial amount of foundational materials for the investigation of QTLs associated with cottonseed oil content,protein content,nutritional qualities,grainsize,and molecular breeding.

关 键 词：棉花 陆海渐渗系 油分 大小 相关性 

分 类 号：S562.033[农业科学—作物学]