扩种背景下大豆供需矛盾分析及对策建议  

The Contradiction Analysis Between Soybean Supply and Demand and Countermeasures under the Background of Planting Expansion

作　　者：于文波 李孝忠[1,2] Yu Wenbo;Li Xiaozhong(College of Economics and Management,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Green Food Science,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省绿色食品科学研究院,哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《大豆科技》2023年第6期1-8,共8页Soybean Science & Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(21BGL286);国家特色油料产业技术体系“十四五”重点项目(CARS-14-32-01)。

摘　　要：大豆产业安全对于保障我国食品安全具有重要意义。文章以历年国家统计年鉴数据和美国农业部统计数据为研究对象,分析扩种背景下我国大豆产业供需现状及现存矛盾并提出对策建议。结果表明,近年来我国对大豆需求量增大,大豆进口量呈逐年增加趋势,大豆自给率较低,对外依存度较高。我国大豆产量呈逐年上升趋势,但国产大豆需求有限,农民种植效益低。基于大豆生产现状,结合大豆市场供需实际,提出通过推广大豆玉米带状复合种植模式增加大豆产量;加大科研投入,选育高产、高油、高抗逆性品种满足市场多样化需求;建立市场临时储备预案,保障农民收入;鼓励打造地方特色大豆品牌,拉动食用大豆消费等对策建议。Soybean industry safety had great significance for ensuring our country's food safety.Based on the data of the national statistical yearbook and the statistics of the United States Department of Agriculture,The article analyzed the current supply and demand situation and existing contradictions of China's soybean industry under the background of planting expansion,and proposed countermeasures and suggestions.The results showed that in recent years,China's demand for soybean was strong,the import volume of soybean was increasing year by year,the self-sufficiency rate of soybean was low,and the dependence on foreign countries was high.China's soybean production was increasing year by year,but the domestic soybean demand was limited,and farmers had low planting efficiency.Based on the current situation of soybean production in China and the actual supply and demand of soybean market,it was necessary to extend soybean and corn compound belt planting to increase soybean yield in China,and increase investment in scientific research and breeding soybean varieties with high-yield,high-oil and high stress resistance to meet diversified market demands,establish market temporary reserve plan to ensure farmers'income,encourage the building of local characteristic soybean brands to stimulate the consumption of edible soybeans,and other countermeasures.

关 键 词：大豆产业 大豆扩种 发展现状 供需矛盾 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]