三种药剂处理对大豆蚜和花叶病毒病的防效试验  

Analysis on the Control Effects of Three Chemicals on Aphids Glycines and Soybean Mosaic Virus Disease

作　　者：陈佳琴 龚锡震 杨春杰 谭春燕 朱星陶 Chen Jiaqin;Gong Xizhen;Yang Chunjie;Tan Chunyan;Zhu Xingtao(Guizhou Oil Research Institute,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省油料研究所,贵阳550025

出　　处：《大豆科技》2023年第6期20-24,共5页Soybean Science & Technology

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-04-CES28);贵州省科研机构创新能力建设项目《贵州大豆油料种业创新平台建设》(黔科合服企[2023]006)。

摘　　要：蚜虫是大豆生产中的主要害虫之一,也是大豆花叶病毒的传播媒介。为研究不同药剂处理对大豆蚜的防治效果及对大豆花叶病毒病的影响,文章采用吡虫啉可湿性粉剂、啶虫咪可湿性粉剂及吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂3种药剂对苗期高感大豆蚜品系黔豆2014-32进行喷施和拌种处理。结果表明:(1)3种不同药剂处理对大豆蚜和花叶病毒病均具有防效,可阻断大豆蚜携带大豆花叶病毒病侵染大豆植株。其中经吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂处理的大豆苗无蚜虫感染,大豆花叶病毒病发病率为0;吡虫啉可湿性粉剂与啶虫咪可湿性粉剂喷施大豆苗1 d后,对大豆蚜杀伤率均达100%,药后SMV病株率及发病指数均未提高。(2)与对照相较,3种药剂处理后的大豆产量均表现为极显著增加,平均增幅为16.4%~47.4%。其中以吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂拌种处理后产量最高,为3127.5 kg/hm^(2),平均增产47.4%。因此,化学防治大豆蚜为大豆田间生产防控花叶病毒病重要措施之一,可在大豆生产过程中发挥防虫、防病、增产作用。Aphids glycines was one of the main pests in soybean production,and it was also the transmission vector of soybean mosaic virus(SMV).In order to study the control effect of different chemical treatments on Aphids glycines and soybean mosaic virus disease,this article used imidacloprid wettable powder,acetamides wettability powder and imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent to treat the high sensitive Aphids glycines line Qiandou 2014-32.The results showed that(1)Three different pesticide treatments had certain control effects on Aphids glycines and soybean mosaic virus disease,and could prevent soybean aphid from carrying soybean tofu pudding virus disease to infect soybean plants.The soybean seedlings treated with imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent had no Aphids glycines infection,and the incidence rate of soybean mosaic virus disease was 0;After spraying imidacloprid wettable powder and imidacloprid wettable powder on soybean seedlings for one day,the killing rate of Aphids glycines reached 100%,and the incidence rate and disease index of SMV did not increase after treatment.(2)Compared with the control,the soybean yield after treatment with three pesticides showed a very significant increase,with an average increase of 16.4%to 47.4%.Among them,the highest yield was achieved after seed dressing with imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent,at 3127.5 kg/ha,with an average increase of 47.4%.Therefore,chemical control of Aphids glycines was one of the important measures for preventing and controlling mosaic virus diseases in soybean field production,which could play a role in pest prevention,disease prevention,and yield increase during soybean production.

关 键 词：大豆 大豆蚜 大豆花叶病毒病 化学防控 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]