围栏社会的兴起:制度变革、围栏建设与牧区社会转型  

The Rise of Fence Society:Institutional Change,Fence Construction and Social Transformation in Pastoral Areas

作　　者：孟根达来 Menggendalai

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学民族学与社会学学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期39-55,共17页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

基　　金：2023年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“边疆民族聚居区乡村振兴典型经验及特色路径的社会学研究”(23CSH037)。

摘　　要：草原牧区从游牧到定居的转型离不开草畜双承包责任制的调整。随着草场承包责任制改革,围栏已不再是简单的基础设施,更是界定牧区人地关系与相关主体关系的重要符号。人地关系的变化主要体现在牧民生计层面。在草场承包经营背景下,围封牧场定居放牧成为了牧区主要的生计模式。与此同时,围栏的出现同样重新塑造着牧民彼此、牧民与集体、牧民与国家以及外来主体之间的互动关系。在此意义上可将当前的草原牧区概括为围栏社会。围栏社会中的人地关系与主体关系的转型性特征也成为进一步推进牧区振兴与共同富裕的主要背景。The significant transformation in grassland pastoral areas from nomadism to settlement is inseparable from the adjustments of the grassland system.With the reform of the grassland contract responsibility system,fencing is no longer a simple infrastructure,but an important symbol defining the human-land relations in pastoral areas and the relationship among related subjects.The changes in human-land relations are mainly reflected in the livelihoods of pastoralists.In the current pasture system context,enclosed pastures for sedentary grazing have become the predominant livelihood model in pastoral areas.At the same time,the emergence of fencing has also reshaped the interaction between pastoralists,collectives,the state and external subjects.In this sense,the current grassland pastoral area can be summarized as the fence society.The transformative characteristics of the human-land relationships and subjects relationships in the fence society will also be the primary background for further promoting the revitalization and common prosperity of pastoral areas.

关 键 词：围栏 草原 牧区 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济] C91[社会学]