乡村治理、社会资本与农村收入差距  

Rural Governance,Social Capital and Rural Income Disparity

作　　者：罗明忠[1] 魏滨辉 LUO Mingzhong;WEI Binhui

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期116-136,共21页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“非平衡增长理论视角下返乡创业对县域产业升级的影响:作用机理及其实现路径”(72373043);国家社会科学基金重大项目“乡村振兴与深化农村土地制度改革”(19ZDA115);国家社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴背景下小农户对接电商市场的机制与路径研究”(22CGL027)。

摘　　要：缩小农村内部收入差距是实现农村共同富裕的必然要求。本文利用2014—2018年多期中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)面板数据,探究乡村治理改善对农村内部收入差距的影响。结果表明,乡村治理改善可以显著缓解农村内部收入不平等,且这一基本结论在使用工具变量和双稳健的IPWRA模型估计后依然成立。基于不同收入来源,乡村治理改善有利于缩小农村的工资性和转移性收入差距;乡村治理改善具有“益贫性”特点,在缩小中低收入群体收入差距和扩大中等收入群体规模等方面发挥着关键性作用。此外,社会资本的嵌入能有效提升乡村治理效能,而且结构性社会资本和认知性社会资本对乡村治理改善助力农村内部收入差距缩小具有协同效应;异质性方面,乡村治理改善对中西部地区、非农型以及高人力资本农村家庭的内部收入不平等产生更为显著的缓解效应。可见,加快推进乡村治理体系与治理能力现代化,提升乡村治理效能,是缩小农村内部收入差距的有效途径。Narrowing the intra-rural income gap is a requirement for achieving common prosperity in rural areas.Using a panel data sample consisting of multiple periods of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)from 2014-2018,this study explores the impact of rural governance improvements on intra-rural income disparity.The results indicate that rural governance improvements significantly alleviate intra-rural income inequality,and this fundamental finding remains robust when estimated using instrumental variables and a bistable IPWRA model.Regarding the structure of different income sources,improved rural governance is conducive to reducing the gap between wage and transfer income in rural areas;it exhibits a“pro-poor”nature,playing a key role in reducing the income gap between low and middle-income groups and expanding the size of the middle-income group.In addition,the embedding of social capital effectively enhances the effectiveness of rural governance.Structural social capital and cognitive social capital synergistically contribute to reducing intra-rural income disparity through improved rural governance.In terms of heterogeneity,the positive effects of improved rural governance on alleviating intra-rural income disparity are more pronounced in central and western regions,non-farm types and rural households with high human capital.This underscores the significance of accelerating the modernization of the rural governance system and governance capacity,and improving the effectiveness of rural governance as key strategy for narrowing the internal income gap in rural areas.

关 键 词：乡村治理 收入差距 社会资本 IPWRA模型 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济] D422.6[政治法律—政治学]