工艺条件对轻烃原料催化裂解制低碳烯烃反应的影响  

Effect of process conditions on catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbon raw materials to produce low-carbon olefins

作　　者：毛吉会 魏江涛 韩磊 刘树伟 张启科 李斌 MAO Ji-hui;WEI Jiang-tao;HAN Lei;LIU Shu-wei;ZHANG Qi-ke;LI Bin(Hydrocarbon High-efficiency Utilization Technology Research Center,Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co Ltd,Xi′an 710075,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司碳氢高效利用技术研究中心,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《石化技术与应用》2023年第6期437-441,480,共6页Petrochemical Technology & Application

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划基金资助项目(项目编号:2022 GY-131);煤基、石油基油品深度转化新技术及催化剂中试共享平台项目(项目编号:2023-CX-PT-13)。

摘　　要：在40 L固定流化床反应装置上开展了不同复合轻烃原料在A型专属催化剂作用下的催化裂解制低碳烯烃反应评价试验,以考察工艺条件对原料转化率、乙烯及丙烯选择性和收率、丙烯/乙烯(摩尔比,下同)、以及副产物混合C4、氢气、甲烷收率的影响。结果表明:以双烯烃总收率为指标,轻烃原料族组成的催化裂解制低碳烯烃性能从高到低排序为:正构烷烃、异构烷烃、环烷烃、芳香烃;在轻烃原料R中添加异辛烷,虽然能显著提高催化裂解时的轻烃原料转化率及产物中的丙烯/乙烯,但产物中的乙烯及丙烯收率、双烯烃总收率均略有降低;含添加10%(质量分数)异辛烷的复合轻烃原料在A型专属催化剂作用下的催化裂解制低碳烯烃较佳反应条件为:液时空速为0.64 h-1,氮气、汽提水流量分别为0.50,1 L/min,反应温度为665℃及反应压力为40 kPa;在此条件下,复合轻烃原料的转化率为80.11%,目标产物中的双烯烃总收率、乙烯及丙烯收率分别为50.03%,43.50%,丙烯/乙烯为0.73。The evaluation experiment was conducted on the catalytic cracking of different composite light hydrocarbon raw materials to produce low-carbon olefins under the catalysis of A type dedicated catalyst on the 40 L fixed fluidized bed reactor to investigate the effects of process conditions on raw material conversion rate,ethylene&propylene selectivity and yield,molar ratio of propylene to ethylene,and the by-product yield of mixed C4 hydrocarbons,hydrogen and methane.The results showed that with the total yield of diolefins as the indicator,the catalytic cracking performance of light hydrocarbon raw materials to produce low-carbon olefins was ranked from high to low as follows:n-alkanes,isoalkanes,cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons.Adding isooctane to the light hydrocarbon raw material R could significantly improve the conversion rate of light hydrocarbon raw materials and the molar ratio of propylene to ethylene in the product during catalytic cracking,but the yield of ethylene&propylene and the total yield of diolefins in the product were slightly reduced.The optimal reaction conditions for catalytic cracking of light hydrocarbon raw material R with the addition of 10%(mass fraction)isooctane to produce low-carbon olefins with A type dedicated catalyst were as follows:the liquid space velocity at 0.64 h-1,the flow rate of nitrogen and the stripping water at 0.50,1 L/min respectively,the reaction temperature at 665℃,and the reaction pressure at 40 kPa.Under the above optimal conditions,the conversion rate of the composite light hydrocarbon raw material was 80.11%,the total yield of diolefins and the ethylene&propylene yield in the target product were 50.03%and 43.50%,respectively,and the molar ratio of propylene to ethylene was 0.73.

关 键 词：固定流化床 催化裂解 轻烃原料 低碳烯烃 双烯烃 选择性 收率 

分 类 号：TE624.4[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TQ221.2[化学工程—有机化工]