适用于北山花岗岩的小直径盲井掘进机滚刀刃型初探  

Preliminary Study on the Shape of Disc Cutters for Small‑Diameter Blind Shaft Boring Machine Used in Beishan Granite

作　　者：马亚楠 龚秋明[1] 殷丽君[1] 康乐 MA Yanan;GONG Qiuming;YIN Lijun;KANG Le(Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市防灾与减灾教育部重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《世界核地质科学》2023年第4期992-1001,共10页World Nuclear Geoscience

基　　金：中国国家原子能机构核设施退役和治理专项(编号:科工二司[2021]830号)资助。

摘　　要：我国高放废物地质处置地下试验室位于甘肃北山高强度高完整性的花岗岩地层中,其现场试验所需的高放废物处置坑拟采用小直径盲井掘进机开挖。滚刀刀圈的刃型参数直接影响盲井掘进机的破岩效率、刀具损耗等,刃型选择是亟待解决的关键问题。设计并制作了常用于小直径掘进机直径为11 in(1 in=2.54 cm)的楔刃、平刃及圆刃滚刀压头,搭建了侵入试验平台,应用上述三种压头对北山花岗岩大块岩试样进行了侵入试验,并利用声发射测试系统监测与定位岩石内部的破裂与损伤。从接触应力来看,相同贯入度下平刃和圆刃压头作用下接触应力较大。楔刃压头侵入过程中的声发射事件数最多且释放的能量最大,岩石破裂的尺度最大,竖向裂纹发育好。平刃压头破岩过程中释放的能量最小,岩石破裂的尺度最小,只在刀刃的两侧产生了少量裂纹,圆刃压头作用下产生了较长的侧向裂纹,且在岩石表面产生了岩渣。声发射三维定位结果与滚刀压头侵入后岩石内部的裂纹布置结果具有较好的一致性,尤其在圆刃压头两侧产生的与岩石表面夹角较小的径向裂纹较多,有利于滚刀相互作用产生岩片。综合以上分析结果,推荐圆刃滚刀为完整硬岩小直径处置坑开挖设备的优选滚刀刃型。In the construction of the underground research laboratory(URL)for geological disposal of high⁃level radioactive waste in China,the research and development of mechanical excavation equipment for disposition hole which is necessary for the site experiment needs to be carried out in the scientific research planning,and the selection of disc cutters for the excavation equipment of disposition hole in Beishan URL is one of the key issues that urgently need to be solved.The cross⁃sectional shape of the disc cutter ring directly affects the rock breaking efficiency and cutter consumption of the tunneling boring machine.This study designed and produced three different indenters with a diameter of 11 inches in flat,wedged,and round blades.An indentation test platform was developed and the indentation tests were conducted on large rock samples of Beishan granite.The acoustic emission(AE)monitoring system was used to study the damage mechanisms of the rocks under three types of indenters.The contact stress generated in the contact area between the disc cutter and the rock will cause damage inside the rock,and the larger the contact stress,the more conducive it is to promoting the propagation of internal cracks in the rock below the indenter.From the perspective of contact stress,the contact stress was relatively high under indenters of flat and round blades,making it easier for damage to occur inside the rock.The magnitude and distribution of acoustic emission energy can reflect the scale of internal crack propagation in rocks.The larger the energy,the larger the corresponding fracture scale.The number of acoustic emission events and energy consumption during the process of rock breaking by the wedge edge indenter were the highest,and the scale of rock fracture was the largest.From the perspective of the propagation characteristics of cracks,the development of vertical cracks was excellent under the action of the wedge⁃edge indenter,which was not conducive to the generation of rock fragments.During the process of ro

关 键 词：侵入试验 不同刃型滚刀压头 声发射技术 侵入力 裂纹分布 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程] TN45[建筑科学—土工工程] TL94[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]