模拟与创新:先秦两汉“模式文本”的生成及意义  

Simulation and Innovation:The Generation and Significance of“Model Texts”in Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties

作　　者：余建平 YU Jian-ping

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2023年第12期44-54,共11页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(22CZW014)——出土文献与中国早期“相似文本”的生成研究。

摘　　要：“模式文本”在先秦两汉的诸子史传中广泛存在,尤以谏君说理和写人记事类最为流行,表现出高度模式化叙事的特点。根据先秦两汉模式文本的实例可归纳出它们的三个特征:其一,最为本质的核心叙事模式相对稳定,但人物、对话等细节会有较大区别;其二,模式文本在继承旧叙事模式的同时,也会有一定程度的创新,如增添较多细节;其三,谏君说理和写人记事类模式文本的流行,与先秦两汉士人频繁的劝谏游说活动以及对人物的塑造有关。模式文本的生成有变异和模拟两种方式,尤以模拟为主。出于谏君、撰史的需要,先秦两汉士人模仿既有故事的叙事情节,利用“故事模式库”中的模式创编故事,借助旧的模式完成新文本的创作。“Model Texts”existed widely in the biographies of pre-Qin and Han dynasties,especially the most popular ones,such as remonstrating the monarch to reason and writing about people and events,which show the characteristics of highly patterned narratives.According to the examples of the model texts of pre-Qin and Han Dynasties,they can be summarized into three characteristics:firstly,the most essential core narrative mode is relatively stable,but the details of characters and dialogues will be quite different;secondly,while inheriting the old narrative mode,the model text will also have a certain degree of innovation,such as adding more details;thirdly,the popularity of the text of the model of admonishing the monarch and writing people and recording things is related to the frequent lobbying activities of the scholars in pre-Qin and Han dynasties and the shaping of the characters.The generation of model text has two ways:mutation and simulation,especially simulation.In order to admonish the monarch and write history,the scholars of pre-Qin and Han dynasties imitated the narrative plots of the existing stories,used the models in the“story model library”to create stories,and completed the creation of new texts with the help of the old models.

关 键 词：模式文本 故事模式库 文本生成 模拟 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]