超声在气道管理中的应用进展  

Progress on the application of ultrasound in airway management

作　　者：吴庆达 郑镇伟[1] 刘彬 杜瑞明[1] WU Qingda;ZHENG Zhenwei;LIU Bin;DU Ruiming(Department of Anesthesiology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院第二附属医院麻醉科,广东省汕头市515041

出　　处：《临床麻醉学杂志》2023年第12期1309-1313,共5页Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(B2020050)。

摘　　要：超声在气道管理领域的研究不断取得的进展,为临床上将超声应用于气道管理提供了理论依据和新思路,拓宽了超声在气道管理方面的应用范围。超声能够实时显影和测量全气道的几乎所有组织结构,保证气道解剖结构的准确定位及测量,为气道评估提供客观的理论支持。超声可实时成像的特点有助于引导气管插管、确定气管导管及喉罩位置、评估胃内容量等。人工智能提高了超声识别解剖结构的准确率和效率,促进超声在气道管理的拓展应用。本文简述超声在实时引导气管插管、确定气管插管位置、确认喉罩准确对位、预测成功拔管、预测困难气道、定位气道解剖结构、评估胃内容物误吸风险等方面的应用进展,并讨论超声结合人工智能在气道管理领域的应用。Research on application of ultrasound has made continuous progress in airway management,providing theoretical basis and new ideas for clinical use of ultrasound in airway management,and expanding the application range of ultrasound in airway management.Ultrasound can develop real-time imaging and measure almost all the tissue structures of the whole airway,ensuring the accurate locating and measurement of airway anatomical structure,which offers objective theoretical support for airway evaluation.Its characteristic of real-time imaging also helps to guide endotracheal intubation,determine the position of endotracheal tube and laryngeal mask airway,and assess gastric contents.Artificial intelligence improves the accuracy and efficiency of ultrasonic identification of anatomical structure,which promotes the expanded application of ultrasound in airway management.This article briefly outlines the recent advance in the application of ultrasound in guiding endotracheal intubation,confirming endotracheal intubation,detecting laryngeal mask airway position,predicting successful tracheal extubation,predicting difficult airway,locating airway anatomical structure,and assessing the risk of gastric aspiration,and discusses the application of ultrasound combined with artificial intelligence in airway management.

关 键 词：超声 气道管理 胃内容物 气道解剖结构 人工智能 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]