植物感应干旱信号的机制  

Mechanisms of Plant Sensing Drought Signals

作　　者：于波 秦晓惠 赵杨 YU Bo;QIN Xiao-hui;ZHAO Yang(Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心,上海植物逆境生物学研究中心,上海200032

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2023年第11期6-17,共12页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金原创探索项目(22ZR1481400)。

摘　　要：干旱导致渗透胁迫,是造成作物减产的主要自然灾害。自达尔文时代,科学家开始探索植物感知和应答干旱胁迫的机制。现已阐明胁迫激素脱落酸信号途径,并逐步获得植物感知干旱和渗透胁迫的一些线索。本文总结了近年来干旱和渗透信号在植物中感知和传导的研究进展,对干旱胁迫可能的输入信号以及植物潜在的感知方式进行阐述,并提出了干旱胁迫信号研究中尚需解决的核心科学问题,期望为解析植物干旱信号感知和作物抗逆遗传改良提供线索。Drought causes osmotic stress and is the most serious natural disaster leading to crop failure.Ever since Darwin studied how plants sense and respond to drought,we have understood the mechanism of ABA(abscisic acid)signaling and gained some clues about drought and osmotic stress sensing and signaling in plants.In this review,we summarized recent advances in plant osmotic stress sensing and signaling.We proposed the putative manners of signal inputs during drought and osmotic stresses and discussed how plants sense and transduce these signals.We also discussed the core scientific questions and made perspective about the future directions in this field,aiming to provide clues for crop genetic improvement with drought resistance.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 渗透信号 细胞壁信号 质膜张力 大分子凝聚 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]