GNSS漂流浮标实时在线波浪测量技术及其软件实现  

Real-Time Online Wave Measurement Technology and Its Software Implementation of GNSS Drifting Buoy

作　　者：王亚彬 刘杨 刘焱雄 乔方利 蒋暑民 王岩峰 WANG Yabin;LIU Yang;LIU Yanxiong;QIAO Fangli;JIANG Shumin;WANG Yanfeng(First Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Surveying and Mapping,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]自然资源部海洋测绘重点实验室,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《海岸工程》2023年第4期317-329,共13页Coastal Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB0505805);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2022S03);国家自然科学基金项目(42004030);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202205102);山东省技术创新引导计划项目(2020YFB0505800)。

摘　　要：波浪是一种重要且复杂的海洋水文要素,对海浪进行稳定、长期、有效的监测具有重要意义。针对传统波浪观测设备价格昂贵、实时性差的问题,本文研究了基于全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS)载波相位历元差分算法的漂流浮标实时在线波浪测量技术及其实现方法,包括硬件选型及组成、实时在线软件的设计思路和工作原理。通过比较分析近海及远海试验的实时回传测波结果,验证了GNSS漂流浮标实时在线波浪测量技术及其软件的可行性和精确性。在近海试验中,对比2套测试浮标实时回传结果与Datawell DWR-G4浮标事后导出结果,表明两者有效波高差值的均方根(Root Mean Square, RMS)分别为6 cm和4 cm,优于主流测波浮标产品技术指标(0.1 m+5%H,H为波高),两者平均周期差异RMS分别为0.48 s和0.49 s,要素反演性能良好。在远海试验中,4套测试浮标实时回传的有效波高和平均周期结果与再分析产品呈现出较高的一致性。Wave is one of the important and complex oceanographic hydrological elements.It is,therefore,of great significance to conduct stable,long-term and effective monitoring of sea waves.In view of the problem that traditional wave observation equipment is expensive and poor in real-time performance,a drifting buoy real-time online wave measurement technology and its implementation method are studied,which is based on the carrier phase epoch differential algorithm of the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)and include mainly the hardware selection and composition and the design ideas and working principle of the real-time online software.By comparing and analyzing the real-time wave measurements returned from the offshore and open sea trials,the real-time online wave measurement technology of GNSS drifting buoy and the feasibility and accuracy of its software are validated.During the tests in the offshore area,the results measured and returned real-time by 2 sets of the GNSS test buoys are compared with those exported from the Datawell DWR-G4 buoy,showing that the root mean square(RMS)of the significant wave height differences resulted from the two buoy systems is 6 cm and 4 cm,respectively,being better than the technical index(0.1 m+5%H,H is wave height)of the mainstream wave measurement buoys.The RMS of the mean wave period difference measured with the two buoy systems is 0.48 s and 0.49 s respectively,indicating that the results transmitted real-time have good retrieval performance.In the open sea tests,the significant wave height and the mean wave period returned real-time by four test buoys are highly consistent with those of the reanalyzed products.

关 键 词：全球导航卫星系统(GNSS) 漂流浮标 实时在线 波浪测量 软件 

分 类 号：P715.2[天文地球—海洋科学]