冶金灰渣填充PVC复合共挤型材的制备和性能  

Preparation and Properties of PVC Composite Coextrusion Profile Filled with Metallurgical Ash

作　　者：纪琳 薛平[1] 张志平 李超 贾明印[1] Ji Lin;Xue Ping;Zhang Zhiping;Li Chao;Jia Mingyin(Institute of Plastic Machinery and Plastic Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学塑料机械及塑料工程研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2023年第12期52-57,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：以冶金灰渣作为无机填料对聚氯乙烯(PVC)进行填充改性,通过搭建的锥形双螺杆挤出机和共挤挤出机研究平台,制备了PVC/冶金灰渣复合共挤型材,研究了冶金灰渣的特性以及填充量对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,改性前冶金灰渣粒子间分散性较差,经铝酸酯偶联剂改性后的冶金灰渣分散性变好,铝酸酯偶联剂在冶金灰渣粒子表面发生一定的作用,成功地吸附在冶金灰渣粒子表面,测得活化指数达96.8%;随着冶金灰渣填充量的增加,复合材料体系塑化时间不断增长,当填充质量分数为70%时,塑化时间延长明显;复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量及热变形温度都增加,冲击强度降低;维卡软化温度在填充质量分数为65%最大,后略微降低。综合分析得,当冶金灰渣填充质量分数为70%时,复合材料的综合性能较优,满足其作为户外地板材料强度和耐热性能的要求,同时也实现了工业固废的高附加值利用。此外,相比于无包覆,丙烯腈-丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯接枝共聚物树脂的包覆可以提高复合材料的力学性能和耐热性。Metallurgical ash was used as an inorganic filler to modify polyvinyl chloride(PVC).A conical twin screw extruder and co extrusion extruder research platform were established to prepare PVC/metallurgical ash composite co-extruded profiles.The characteristics of metallurgical ash and the influence of filling amount on the properties of composite materials were studied.Experimental studies show that the dispersion between metallurgical ash particles before modification is poor,while the dispersion of metallurgical ash particles modified by aluminate coupling agent improves.The aluminate coupling agent has a certain effect on the surface of metallurgical ash particles and successfully adsorbs on the surface of metallurgical ash particles,with a measured activation index of 96.8%;With the increase of metallurgical ash filling amount,the plasticization time of the composite material system continuedly increases.When the filling quality is 70%,the plasticization time is significantly prolonged;The bending strength,bending modulus,and thermal deformation temperature of composite materials increase,while the impact strength decreases;The vicat softening temperature first reaches its maximum at a filling mass of 65%and then slightly decreases.According to comprehensive analysis,when the filling amount of metallurgical ash is 70%,the composite material has better comprehensive performance,meeting the requirements for strength and heat resistance as an outdoor flooring material,and also achieving high value-added utilization of industrial solid waste.In addition,compared to uncoated,the coating of acrylonitrile butyl acrylate styrene graft copolymer resin can improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of composite materials.

关 键 词：冶金灰渣 聚氯乙烯 共挤 填充 改性 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]