论经济特区法规的“区外适用”效力  

On the Effect of the Regulations of Special Economic Zones outside the Zones

作　　者：莫纪宏[1] Mo Jihong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所

出　　处：《中外法学》2023年第6期1425-1440,共16页Peking University Law Journal

基　　金：中国社会科学院2023年重大创新项目“全面依法治国总体格局基本形成研究”(项目编号:2023YZD021)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：通过分析经济特区法规适用范围的历史沿革以及“区内适用”的法理局限性,可以揭示经济特区法规的“区内适用”与“区外适用”在法律效力上存在本质区别。鉴于“一市两法”“双重立法权”现象存在的立法价值弊端,应制定《经济特区法规基本法》来取代目前以《立法法》所规定的含义模糊的全国人大授权决定作为经济特区法规的立法依据的做法。在此基础上,还应加强对经济特区法规的合宪性和合法性的审查和监督,确保经济特区法规与国家宪法、法律和行政法规不相抵触,维护以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系所尊崇的法制统一原则的权威性。保留经济特区法规的立法形式具有积极意义,在经济特区所在地的市人大及其常委会制定的地方性法规与经济特区法规的适用范围完全一致情形下,宜撤销地方性法规的制定权,保留实质意义上的经济特区法规制定权,为经济特区赢得更多的立法空间和发展机遇。Through comprehensively and systematically examining the history of the formation of special economic zone regulations and analyzing the historical evolution of the scope of application of special economic zone regulations as well as the legal limitations of“application within the zone”,this article points out the essential differences in legal effectiveness between“application within the zone”and“application outside the zone”of special economic zone regulations,and analyzes the legislative value drawbacks of“one city,two laws”and“dual legislative power”.It is proposed to formulate the Basic Law on Special Economic Zone Regulations to replace the vague National People's Congress authorization decision stipulated in the current Legislation Law as the legislative basis for special economic zone regulations.On this basis,it is advocated to strengthen the review and supervision of the constitutionality and legality of the regulations of special economic zones,to ensure that the regulations of special economic zones do not conflict with the national constitution,laws,and administrative regulations,and to maintain the authority of the principle of legal system unity respected by the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics,which is centered on the Constitution.This article fully affirms the positive significance of retaining the legislative form of special economic zone regulations,and advocates that in the case where the local regulations formulated by the Municipal People's Congress and its Standing Committee in the location of the special economic zone are completely consistent with the scope of application of the special economic zone regulations,the power to formulate local regulations shall be revoked and the substantive power to formulate special economic zone regulations be retained,in order to win more legislative space and development opportunities for the special economic zone.

关 键 词：经济特区法规 地方性法规 区内适用 区外适用 经济特区法规基本法 

分 类 号：D927[政治法律—法学] D922.299