榄李开花生物学和繁育系统  

Flowering Biological Characteristics and Breeding System of Lumnitzera racemosa

作　　者：蔡艳清 陈玉军[1] 李玫[1] 邓创发 黄烈健[1] CAI Yanqing;CHEN Yujun;LI Mei;DENG Chuangfa;HUANG Liejian(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520;Nanjing Forestry University,NanJing 210037)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]南京林业大学,南京210037

出　　处：《植物研究》2024年第1期152-160,共9页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划资助(2020B020214001);科技基础资源调查专项课题(2017FY100700)。

摘　　要：为揭示榄李(Lumnitzera racemosa)濒危机制及开展相关保护行动,对广东珠海淇澳担杆岛省级自然保护区引种的榄李进行野外观测,观测榄李开花动态,结合运用杂交指数(OCI)、花粉-胚珠比(P/O)、花粉活力测定和柱头可授性测定、人工授粉等试验对榄李的繁育系统进行研究。结果表明:(1)榄李群体始花期为5月16日左右,盛花期为5月25日—7月1日,末花期为7月5日—8月31日,群体花期时间约106 d;花序花期持续时间为5~18 d,持续平均时间为(10.80±3.58)d;榄李单花花期持续时间为7~13 d,平均时间为(9.1±1.3)d。(2)开花当天花粉活力最高,达58.73%,第2天活力下降,第3天花粉已不具备活力;开花第1天柱头可授性最弱,后逐渐加强,第3天柱头可授性最强,达100.00%,雌雄蕊成熟时间不一致。(3)榄李杂交指数(OCI)为4,繁育系统以异交为主,部分自交亲和,需要传粉者;花粉-胚珠比(P/O)为5740.50±1318.20,繁育系统为专性异交;由授粉试验可知,繁育系统为自交和异交同时存在的混合交配系统。综合上述,榄李的繁育系统为以异交为主,部分自交亲和,需要传粉者。In order to reveal the endangered mechanism and carry out related conservation actions of Lumnitzera racemosa,we observed the flowering dynamics of the introduced L.racemosa in Dangan Island Provincial Nature Reserve,Zhuhai,Guangdong,and investigated the breeding system of L.racemosa by using the out-crossing index(OCI),pollen-ovule ratio(P/O),pollen viability and stigma receptivity,and artificial pollination.The results showed that:(1)The flowering period of L.racemosa population started May 16,the full blooming period was from May 25 to July 1,and the last flowering period was from July 5 to August 31,and the flowering period of L.racemosa population was up to 106 days.The flowering duration of inflorescence was 5-18 days,and average duration was(10.80±3.58)days;The single flowering period of L.racemose lasted 7-13 days,with an average of(9.1±1.3)days.(2)Pollen viability was highest on the day of flowering,reaching 58.73%,and decreased on the second day and no longer viable was on the third day;Stigma receptivity was weakest at the first day of opening,then gradually strengthened,and was strongest at 100%at the third day,and maturity time of male and female was inconsistent.(3)OCI was 4,the breeding system of L.racemosa was mainly outcrossing with partial self-compatible,which required pollinator;P/O was 5740.50±1318.20,the breeding system was obligate xenogamy;pollination test showed that the breeding system was a mixed mating system with both self and xenogamy.Based on the above,the breeding system of L.racemosa was mainly outcrossing with partial self-compatibility and requiredr pollinators.

关 键 词：榄李 开花生物学 花粉活力 柱头可授性 繁育系统 

分 类 号：Q945.64[生物学—植物学]