菟丝子和大菟丝子形态组织研究与分类学意义  

Morphological Organization and Taxonomic Significance of Cuscutae Semen and Cuscutae Japonicae Semen

作　　者：余波 瞿添添 刘应蛟 吴志瑰[1,2] 付小梅 范崔生[2] YU Bo;QU Tiantian;LIU Yingjiao;WU Zhigui;FU Xiaomei;FAN Cuisheng(School of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;Fan Cuisheng Studio of National Famous Chinese Medicine Expert,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学药学院,南昌330004 [2]范崔生全国名中医传承工作室,南昌330004

出　　处：《种子》2023年第10期57-64,共8页Seed

基　　金：江西省中管局科技计划项目(2020B0384);江西省卫计委科技计划项目(20175543);江西中医药大学中药学一流学科建设科研项目(JXSYLXK-ZHYAO026);全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目(国中医药人教函[2018]204号);范崔生全国名中医传承工作室(国中医药人教函[2018]119号);第六批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作(国中医药人教发[2017]29号)。

摘　　要：以7批菟丝子和8批大菟丝子商品药材为材料,通过体视显微镜观测菟丝子和大菟丝子整体及种脐形状大小、四面观,分别将菟丝子和大菟丝子药材种皮进行组织解离制片,利用光学显微镜观测种皮栅状细胞断面观特征,用扫描电镜观测种脐特征,对菟丝子和大菟丝子药材进行形态组织研究并进行分类比较。结果表明,菟丝子以饱满为主,多为类球形,长与宽1~2 mm;四面观中腹面观略呈圆形,背面观略呈椭圆形,左面观和右面观略呈类圆形;种脐多为扁圆形。大菟丝子类圆球形或三棱形,长与宽2~3 mm;腹面观和右面观类椭圆形,背面观类半扇形,左面观类扇形,种脐圆形。显微鉴别发现,菟丝子种皮栅状细胞断面观有2层,内列细胞径向长为外列的1~2倍,而大菟丝子只有1层,径向长30.62~41.27μm。扫描电镜观测菟丝子脐孔呈唇形翻起状,长137.58~217.00μm,宽6.00~21.00μm;大菟丝子脐孔呈衣领状,长464.52~792.51μm,宽5.75~28.19μm。7 batches of Cuscutae Semen and 8 batches of Cuscutae Japonicae Semen were used as materials.Cuscutae Semen and Cuscutae Japonicae Semen were observed by stereopicroscope as well as the whole body shape and size of the seed umbilicus,the four-sided view;Cuscutae Semen Semen and Cuscutae Japonicae Semen seed coats were separated and prepared,optical microscope was used to observe the cross section features of seed coat grid cells;the characteristics of species umbilicus were observed by scanning electron microscopy,to study the morphological organization of Cuscutae Semen and Cuscutae Japonicae Semen and made a classification comparison.The results showed that the characters of Cuscutae Semen were mainly plump,of which were quasi-spherical,the length and width were about 1-2 mm;the central ventral view was slightly circular,the back view was slightly elliptical,the left view and the right view were slightly quasi-circular,the umbilicus were mostly oblate.Cuscutae Japonicae Semen was spherical or triangular,the length and width were about 2-3 mm;the ventral view and the right view were elliptical,the back view was semi-fan-shaped,and the left view was fan-shaped,the umbilical was round.Through the microscopical identification,it was observed that the section of Cuscutae Semen seed coat grating cells had 2 layers,and the radial length of the inner row was about 1-2 times that of the outer row,while Cuscutae Japonicae Semen only had 1 layer,the radial length was about 30.62-41.27μm.The umbilical opening of Cuscutae Semen were labial upturned,137.58-217.00μm in long and 6.00-21.00μm in wide by scanning electron microscopy;The umbilical opening of Cuscutae Japonicae Semen were collared,the length was 464.52-792.51μm,the width was 5.75-28.19μm.

关 键 词：菟丝子 大菟丝子 性状鉴别 分类学 显微鉴别 

分 类 号：S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培]