贵州三个生态区不同菜用油菜品种菜薹和菜籽产量比较分析  

Comparative Analysis on Different Vegetable Rape Varieties of Rape Stalk and Rapeseed Yield in Three Ecological Zones of Guizhou Province

作　　者：王涛[1] 张林 戴祥来 赵继献[1] 徐小平 代文东 WANG Tao;ZHANG Lin;DAI Xianglai;ZHAO Jixian;XU Xiaoping;DAI Wendong(Guizhou Rapeseed Research Institute,Guiyang 550008,China;Meitan County Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Meitan Guizhou 564100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省油菜研究所,贵阳550008 [2]湄潭县农业农村局,贵州湄潭564100

出　　处：《种子》2023年第10期116-122,共7页Seed

基　　金：油菜轻简化新种质创制及新品种选育(黔农科院科技创新[2022]08号);油菜种质表型数字化鉴定技术研究(黔科合支撑[2023]一般060)。

摘　　要：为研究不同生态区、不同菜用油菜品种摘薹次数及收籽方式对菜薹和菜籽产量的影响,在贵州省思南县、长顺县和湄潭县采用完全随机区组设计,测定了不同菜用油菜品种在不同摘薹次数和收籽方式下菜薹及菜籽的产量,并估算其产值。结果表明,随着种植区海拔升高,菜薹和菜籽产量基本呈降低趋势,不同菜用油菜品种、种植生态区与摘薹次数的互作效应对菜薹和菜籽产量均有极显著影响,菜薹产量与菜籽产量具有显著相关性。在相同种植生态区,油薹6号和硒滋圆1号的菜薹总产量和产值均高于其他3个品种。不同生态区3次摘薹总产量变幅为574.45~1391.12 kg/667 m^(2),摘薹3次后菜籽产量变幅为55.59~94.44 kg/667 m^(2);不摘薹菜籽产量变幅为110.00~197.14 kg/667 m^(2),不摘薹的菜籽产量是摘薹3次后菜籽产量的1.53~3.52倍。不同生态区不同菜用油菜品种3次摘薹+收籽总产值为2750.46~6141.85元/667 m^(2),未摘薹菜籽产值为836.00~1498.26元/667 m^(2),3次摘薹+收籽产值是只收菜籽不摘薹的2.96~6.02倍。不同生态区不同菜用油菜品种菜薹和菜籽的产量及产值差异较大,在实际生产中要根据不同生态区域选择适宜的菜用油菜品种。In order to study the effects of different ecological zones and different varieties of vegetable rape and plucking times on the yield of rape stalk and rapeseed,a completely randomized block design was conducted in Sinan County,Changshun County and Meitan County.The yield of rape stalk and rapeseed under different plucking times and seed harvesting methods and different vegetable rape varieties was measured,and the economic produce value was estimated.The results showed that with the increase of altitude in the planting ecological zones,the yield of rape stalk and rapeseed basically showed a decreasing trend,the interaction effect of different vegetable rape varieties and planting ecological zones and the number of plucking times had a significantly effect on the yield of rape stalk and rapeseed.The yield of rape stalk was significantly correlated with the yield of rapeseed.In the same planting ecological zone,the total yield and economic produce value of Youtai No.6 and Xiziyuan No.1 were higher than those of the other three vegetable rape varieties.The total yield of rape stalk with plucking three times ranged from 574.45 kg/667 m^(2)to 1391.12 kg/667 m^(2)in different ecological zones,the yield of rapeseed after plucked rape stalk three times was ranged from 55.59 kg/667 m^(2)to 94.44 kg/667 m^(2).The yield of rapeseed without pluck rape stalk ranged from 110.00 kg/667 m^(2)to 197.14 kg/667 m^(2)in different ecological zones,which was 1.53-3.52 times of those after three times of plucking rape stalk.The total economic produce value of different vegetable rape varieties ranged from^(2)750.46 yuan/667 m^(2)to 6141.85 yuan/667 m^(2)for three times plucked rape stalk+harvested rapeseed in different ecological zones,the economic produce value of rapeseed unpluked rape stalk ranged from 836.00 yuan/667 m^(2)to 1498.26 yuan/667 m^(2),the economic produce value of three times plucked rape stalk+harvested seeds was 2.96-6.02 times of those only harvested rapeseed without pluked rape stalk.There was a big difference for

关 键 词：菜用油菜 菜薹产量 菜籽产量 生态区 摘薹次数 经济效益 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]