辐射接枝改性制备功能无纺布用于酸性溶液中Au(Ⅲ)的选择性吸附  

Synthesis of functional nonwoven fabric using radiation grafting for the selective adsorption of Au(Ⅲ)in an acidic solution

作　　者：冯鑫鑫 毛选之 张明星[1] 胡莉军 韩泓炜 邢哲[1] 李荣[1] 吴国忠[1,3] FENG Xinxin;MAO Xuanzhi;ZHANG Mingxing;HU Lijun;HAN Hongwei;XING Zhe;LI Rong;WU Guozhong(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Physical Science and Technology,ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]上海科技大学物质科学与技术学院,上海201210

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2023年第6期1-11,共11页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11605275、11675247)。

摘　　要：为实现酸性溶液中Au(Ⅲ)的选择性回收,本研究以聚乙烯/聚丙烯(PE/PP)皮芯结构无纺布为基材,通过丙烯腈与丙烯酸的辐射接枝以及硫化钠改性制备得到含硫代酰胺基和羧基的双官能化无纺布吸附材料。通过红外光谱、热重分析、扫描电镜、能谱分析、接触角测定、X射线光电子能谱和X射线衍射等测试对改性无纺布的结构与性能进行表征。通过批量吸附试验对改性无纺布的吸附性能进行测定。结果表明:改性无纺布在较宽pH范围(2~7)内具有良好的Au(Ⅲ)吸附能力;在共存金属离子体系中具备良好的Au(Ⅲ)选择性,选择系数介于55.00~2429.17,金回收率可达98.5%;改性无纺布的饱和Au(Ⅲ)吸附容量为133.91 mg/g,吸附行为符合准二级动力学和Langmuir等温吸附模型;Au(Ⅲ)在吸附中可被还原为以晶体形式存在的Au(0);通过对吸附后样品的简单高温处理可去除吸附材料,实现金的回收。Herein,a bifunctional nonwoven fabric sorbent containing thioamide and carboxyl groups was synthesized via radiation grafting of acrylonitrile and acrylic acid,followed by modification with sodium sulfide,to selectively recover Au(Ⅲ)from the acidic solution.A polyethylene/polypropylene skin-core-structured nonwoven fabric was used as the substrate.The structure and properties of the sorbent were characterized using infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,contact angle measurements,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and X-ray diffraction.The adsorption performance of the sorbent was determined through batch adsorption tests.The results indicated that the sorbent exhibited excellent Au(Ⅲ)adsorption capacity over a wide pH range(2-7)and demonstrated good selectivity for Au(Ⅲ)in the presence of coexisting metal ions,with selectivity coefficients ranging from 55.00 to 2429.17 and a gold recovery ratio of 98.5%.The adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models,with an Au(Ⅲ)saturation adsorption capacity of 133.91 mg/g.Au(Ⅲ)could be reduced to crystalline Au(0)during the adsorption process.Moreover,the modified nonwoven fabric could be effectively removed via simple high-temperature treatment,facilitating Au recovery.

关 键 词：辐射接枝 Au(Ⅲ) 吸附 聚乙烯/聚丙烯无纺布 

分 类 号：TL13[核科学技术—核能科学]