中国农村人居环境整治政策演变——基于国家宏观政策文本的分析  

Evolution of China’s Rural Residential Environment Regulation Policy:Based on National Macro Policy Texts

作　　者：马力 赵姚阳[1] 陈禹铭 MA Li;ZHAO Yaoyang;CHEN Yuming(School of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学公共管理学院,南京211100

出　　处：《河南科学》2023年第12期1850-1857,共8页Henan Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21FGLB078);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2020SJZDA134)。

摘　　要：运用政策内容分析法,统计分析2014—2022年国家层面出台的28份农村人居环境整治政策文本的形式特征,同时基于政策工具视角分析农村人居环境整治政策工具的应用情况,为我国“十四五”时期农村人居环境整治工作的推进提供针对性的优化建议.研究发现:政策形式特征方面,呈现制定主体多且合作程度高、法律效力较弱、数量波动较大和主攻方向明确等特点;政策工具使用方面,各类政策工具选择总体兼顾,但存在环境型政策工具使用过溢、政策工具选择的内部结构差异较大和部分政策工具使用不充分等问题.因此,政府应当健全相关政策法规体系,提高政策级别,平衡供给型、环境型和需求型政策工具运用比例及优化其内部结构以形成有效的治理合力.Using the policy content analysis method,statistically analyzes the formal characteristics of 28 rural human settlements improvement policy texts issued at the national level from 2014 to 2022,and at the same time analyzes the application of rural human settlements environment improvement policy tools from the perspective of policy tools,to provide targeted optimization suggestions for the improvement of rural living environment in the period of“14th Five-Year Plan”.In terms of the characteristics of the policy form,it presents the characteristics of many formulation subjects and a high degree of cooperation,weak legal effect,large fluctuations in quantity,and clear main attack direction;in terms of the use of policy tools,various policy tools The overall balance is chosen,but there are problems such as excessive use of environmental policy tools,large differences in the internal structure of policy tool selection,and insufficient use of some policy tools.Therefore,the government should improve the system of relevant policies and regulations,improve the policy level,balance the proportion of supply-oriented,environment-oriented and demand-oriented policy tools,and optimize its internal structure to form an effective governance force.

关 键 词：农村人居环境整治 政策工具 政策评价 政策文本 内容分析法 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程]