野生马鞍菌不同土层土壤养分分析  

Analysis of Soil Nutrients in Different Soil Layers of Wild Helvella elastica

作　　者：李云霞 柴美清 李青[1] 孙瑶 韩鹏远 张锁峰 陈金泉 LI Yunxia;CHAI Meiqing;LI Qing;SUN Yao;HAN Pengyuan;ZHANG Suofeng;CHEN Jinquan(Office of Research Administration,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Shanxi Lanyu Agricultural Development Corporation,Xinzhou 034000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学科研管理部,山西太原030031 [2]山西岚宇农业开发有限公司,山西忻州034000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第12期64-67,74,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题(YCX-2020208);山西农业大学学术恢复科研专项(2020xshf67)。

摘　　要：为了明确野生马鞍菌的发生与生态环境、土壤环境的关系,便于驯化栽培,对山西岢岚地区野生马鞍菌发生处的生态环境和土壤环境进行了调查,测定并分析了该地野生马鞍菌发生处不同土层(0,5和10 cm)不同距离(0,50和100 cm)的土壤pH和土壤养分含量(包括有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁、有效猛)。结果表明,野生马鞍菌发生地土壤pH在7.89~8.23之间,呈碱性,土壤中有机质26.37 g·kg^(-1),碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁、有效猛含量分别为129.61,9.16,157.8,0.82,6.12,4.86和15.25 mg·kg^(-1)。马鞍菌发生处表层土壤中养分含量高于深层土壤,且随着土层深度的增加,土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效锰含量在逐渐降低;同时,马鞍菌发生处土壤中有机质、碱解氮、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁含量高于未发生处土壤,有效磷、速效钾、有效锰含量低于未发生处土壤。根据全国第二次土壤普查分级标准可知,在有机质含量中等、缺磷、富钾的碱性土壤中更容易发生野生马鞍菌。In order to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of wild Helvella elastica and the ecological environment and soil environment,and then provide some reference for the domestication and cultivation of Wild Helvella elastica.This study investigated the ecological environment where wild Helvella elastica occurred in Kelan,Shanxi Province,and determined the soil pH and nutrient content(including organic matter,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,effective coppper,effective zinc,effective iron,effective manganese)in the different soil layer(0,5,10 cm)and different distance(0,50,100 cm).The results showed that the pH of the soil where the wild Helvella elastica occurred was between 7.89 and 8.23,showed an alkaline state.And the soil contained organic matter was 26.37 g·kg^(-1),alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,effective coppper,effective zinc,effective iron,effective manganese were 129.61,9.16,157.80,0.82,6.12,4.86 and 15.25 mg·kg^(-1).The nutrient content in the surface soil where wild Helvella elastica occurs was higher than that in the deep soil,and with the increase of soil depth,the content of soil organic matter,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and available manganese were gradually reduced.Meanwhile,the content of organic matter,alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available copper,available zinc,and available iron in occurrence soil were higher than that in non occurrence soil,while the content of available phosphours,available potassium,and available manganese were lower than that in non occurrence soil.According to the grading standards of the second national soil census,it can be seen that wild Helvella elastica are more likely to occur in alkaline soil with moderate organic matter content,phosphorus deficiency,and potassium enrichment.

关 键 词：马鞍菌 土壤PH 土壤养分 不同土层 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S646[农业科学—农业基础科学]