生物炭浓度对猪粪堆肥腐殖化和重金属钝化的影响  

Response of biochar to improve humification and heavy metal passivationin pig manure compost

作　　者：薛娇 王龙 张红美[1,2] 张鸿琼 朱玉雄[4] 周岭 XUE Jiao;WANG Long;ZHANG Hongmei;ZHANG Hongqiong;ZHU Yuxiong;ZHOU Ling(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Modern Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Haerbin,Heilongjiang 150000;Xinjiang Qianhai Farm Biotechnology Development Co.,Tumushuke,Xinjiang 844000)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]东北农业大学工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [4]新疆前海农场生物科技发展有限公司,新疆图木舒克844000

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2023年第4期88-96,共9页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：第一师阿拉尔市科技计划项目“生物质热解产物耦合生物发酵制备有机肥技术”(2022TF02);第三师图木舒克市科技计划项目“农业剩余物好氧堆肥技术研发及试验示范”(KY2022GG03)。

摘　　要：低腐殖化和高重金属生物利用率是猪粪有机肥土壤利用过程中的主要威胁。因此,本研究开展添加生物炭对猪粪堆肥腐殖化和重金属生物利用率降低途径的探究,采用猪粪添加不同剂量生物炭混合堆肥。结果表明,猪粪堆肥中Cu、Zn钝化的最佳生物炭添加含量分别为15%、10%,并推荐15%生物炭作为促进猪粪堆肥腐殖化的最佳添加剂量。腐殖酸与Cu、Zn的络合会促进可交换态Cu和可还原态Cu转化为可氧化态Cu,可交换态Zn转化为可还原态Zn和可氧化态Zn。此外,20%生物炭通过降低多糖降解和脂肪族化合物的转化来抑制Cu和Zn的失活。该研究结果将为添加生物炭如何降低猪粪堆肥产品的土壤应用风险提供依据。Low humification and high heavy metal bioavailability are the main threats during soil utilization of pig manure organic fertilizer.Therefore,this study was carried out to investigate the pathways of humification and heavy metal bioavailability reduction of pig manure compost by adding biochar,using pig manure compost mixed with different doses of biochar.The results showed that the optimal biochar addition ratios for Cu and Zn passivation in pig manure compost were 15%and 10%,respectively,and 15%biochar was recommended as the optimal amount of additive to promote humification of pig manure compost.Complexation of humic acid with Cu and Zn would promote the conversion of exchangeable and reducible Cu to oxidizable Cu,and the conversion of exchangeable Zn to reducible Zn and oxidizable Zn.In addition,20%biochar inhibited the inactivation of Cu and Zn by decreasing polysaccharide degradation and conversion of aliphatic compounds.The results of this study will provide a basis for how the addition of biochar can reduce the risk of soil application of pig manure compost products.

关 键 词：堆肥 生物炭 腐殖化 铜和锌 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]