中国典型盆地陆相页岩油组分评价及意义  

Evaluation of the compositions of lacustrine shale oil in China’s typical basins and its implications

作　　者：李明[1] 王民[1] 张金友[2,3] 张宇辰 刘召 雒斌 卞从胜 李进步[1,7] 王鑫[1] 赵信斌 董尚德[1] LI Ming;WANG Min;ZHANG Jinyou;ZHANG Yuchen;LIU Zhao;LUO Bin;BIAN Congsheng;LI Jinbu;WANG Xin;ZHAO Xinbin;DONG Shangde(Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd.,PetroChina,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163712,China;National Key Laboratory for Multi-resource Collaborated Green Development of Continental Shale Oil,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163002,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,Changqing Oilfield Company Ltd.,PetroChina,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710018,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil&Gas Fields,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710018,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China;Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]深层油气全国重点实验室中国石油大学(华东),山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [3]多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163002 [4]中国石油长庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,陕西西安710018 [5]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,陕西西安710018 [6]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [7]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《石油与天然气地质》2023年第6期1479-1498,共20页Oil & Gas Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41922015,42072147,42102154);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(22CX07001A)。

摘　　要：页岩油组分是揭示页岩油富集机制的基础,也是研究页岩孔隙内油-水-岩相互作用必不可少的参数。选择松辽盆地古龙凹陷白垩系青山口组一段纯页岩型页岩油、渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷东营凹陷古近系沙河街组四段纯上次亚段过渡型页岩油和鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组7段3亚段纯页岩型页岩油作为研究对象,利用保压取心、常规取心、页岩层段产出油及高压釜热模拟产物,开展全烃色谱、热解气相色谱等实验,进行不同成熟度和不同类型页岩油组分系统评价。总结获取页岩油组分的方法,对比不同方法评价结果,讨论页岩残留烃组分的控制因素,提出页岩油组分评价方案。明确了产出油组分、热释烃组分、抽提物组分和热模拟产物组分间的差异以及上述评价方法的局限,解释了高有机碳丰度层段高含油率原因,高有机碳丰度层段代表高含油率,但不一定代表页岩油可动比例高。页岩热演化程度直接控制页岩油组分,有机质丰度和孔隙结构对页岩残留烃组分有一定影响。在页岩含油率评价、流体赋存特征以及页岩油富集机制研究时需考虑烃类散失,尤其是中-高成熟页岩。不同成熟度页岩油的组分评价为揭示页岩纳米孔内流体赋存特征提供新的方法。Shale oil composition serves as both a basis for revealing the shale oil enrichment mechanism and an essential parameter used to explore the interactions among oil,water,and rocks in the pores.We investigate the shale oil reservoir of pure shale type in the 1^(st)member in the Qingshankou Formation in the Gulong Sag,Songliao Basin;the shale oil reservoir of transitional type in the Chunshang interval of the upper sub-member of the 4^(th)member of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Sag,Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay Basin;and the shale oil reservoir of pure shale type in the 3^(rd)sub-member of the 7^(th)member of the Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin.Shale samples taken bypressure-retained coring and conventional coring,as well as oil produced from the three shale intervals and the products of autoclave-based thermal simulation experiment,are subjected to composition analysis.The composition of shale oil of diverse types and with varying maturity is characterized through chromatography to determine the total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH)and pyrolysis-gas chromatography(PY-GC).The methods for deriving shale oil compositions are comprehensively summarized and compared in terms of result,and the factors affecting the composition after evaporative loss are discussed.The assessment scheme is proposed at last.Consequently,we identify the compositional differences for the produced oil,thermally desorbed hydrocarbons,shale extracts,and products from thermal simulation experiment,as well as clarify the limitations of the above-mentioned evaluation methods.Additionally,the phenomenon that shale intervals with high total organic carbon(TOC)content tend to be of high oil content is illustrated,as revealed in previous studies.However,these intervals of high oil content do not necessarily reflect a high ratio of mobile to total oil volume.Shale maturity directly determines the composition of shale oil,while the abundance of organic matter and pore structures exert certain effects on the composition of residual hydrocarbons in shal

关 键 词：赋存特征 页岩油组分 产出油 热释烃 中-高成熟页岩 烃类散失 陆相页岩油 

分 类 号：TE122.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]