夫妻吵架还是疯病复发?——从巴县“唐德声自尽案”看清代司法档案的辩证利用  

Couple’s Quarrel or Relapse of Madness?-Dialectical Utilization of Judicial Archives in the Qing Dynasty Viewed from The Suicide Case of Tang Desheng in Ba County

作　　者：张晓霞[1] Zhang Xiaoxia(College of Literature and Journalism of Chengdu University,Chengdu,Sichuan,610106)

机构地区：[1]成都大学文学与新闻传播学院,四川成都610106

出　　处：《成都大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期54-64,共11页Journal of Chengdu University (Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“乾嘉道时期巴县命案中的信息传递与处置能力研究”(项目编号:20XZS016)。

摘　　要：清代司法档案作为第一手史料,在学术研究中发挥了重要作用。但也有学者发现了司法档案中的虚构问题,提醒研究者警觉。清代巴县“唐德声自尽案”,展示了通详前后案情叙述上发生的巨大变化。对其进行细致分析可以引导我们去探究清代基层衙门在命案审断中的实际面向,加深对清代司法制度的认识。在利用清代司法档案的过程中,需要秉持辩证的态度,既要认识到其中的重要作用,也不能盲目尽信,更不能因为存在虚构现象就否认这些档案的价值。注意利用的方式方法,处理好个体与案卷整体的关系,悉心比较与鉴别,能有效规避虚构带来的影响,最大限度发挥这些档案的价值。As the first-hand historical materials,the judicial archives of the Qing Dynasty played an important role in academic research.But at the same time,some scholars have found the fictitious problem in judicial archives,which reminds researchers to be alert.The suicide case of Tang Desheng in Ba County of the Qing Dynasty showed us the great changes in the description of the case before and after the case report.A detailed analysis of the reasons for the changes in the case can guide us to explore the actual situation of the grass-roots yamen in the judgment of homicide cases in the Qing Dynasty,so that we can have a deeper understanding of the judicial system.In the process of using the judicial archives of the Qing Dynasty,we must hold a dialectical attitude.We should not only recognize the important role of these archives,but also not blindly trust them without discrimination,let alone deny the value of these archives because of the existence of fiction in the archives.As long as we pay attention to the use of methods,handle the relationship between individual archives and the whole file,and carefully compare and identify,we can effectively avoid the impact of the fiction and maximize the value of these archives.

关 键 词：巴县档案 “唐德声自尽案” 清代司法档案 辩证利用 

分 类 号：G271[文化科学—档案学] D929[政治法律—法学] D691