大豆根际促生菌的筛选鉴定与促生效应  

Screening and identification of soybean rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria and their growth-promoting effects

作　　者：刘悦 徐伟慧[1] 王志刚[1] LIU Yue;XU Weihui;WANG Zhigang(College of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第12期2775-2784,共10页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划(GA21B007)。

摘　　要：以大豆根际土壤为试验材料,筛选高效的促生菌株,丰富大豆专用生物肥料的菌种资源。采用解磷、解钾、溶磷、自生固氮、联合固氮选择性培养基,筛选植物根际促生菌(plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR),并测定PGPR的解磷、溶磷、解钾、固氮,分泌吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)和赤霉素(GA)的能力,以及对大豆植株生长的影响。结果表明,分离获得93株PGPR,分别属于巨大普里斯特氏菌属(Priestia)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)、克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacteria)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)。根据促生功能和特性筛选出29株优良的PGPR,其中菌株GD6、JP7、JP34、PKO13、JK32、GD3、GD32可以使大豆根表面积扩大,与对照组相比分别增加42.93%、48.41%、53.04%、54.69%、47.86%、50.44%、48.67%。上述7株PGPR中有4株为克雷伯氏菌,2株为芽孢杆菌,1株为巨大普里斯特氏菌,这7株菌可以作为大豆微生物肥料的候选菌株。The soybean rhizosphere soil was used as experimental material to screen efficient growth-promoting strains,then enriching the strain resources of soybean special biofertilizer.Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)were selected using selective medium of phosphate dissolving,potassium dissolving,phosphate solubilization,autotrophic nitrogen fixation and combined nitrogen fixation.The abilities of phosphate solubilization,phosphorus dissolving,potassium solubilization,nitrogen fixation,indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)and gibberellin(GA)of PGPR were measured,then the effect of PGPR on the growth of soybean plants was explored.The results showed that 93 PGPR strains were isolated belonging to the genera Priestia,Pseudomonas,Stenotrophomonas,Klebsiella,Enterobacteria,Bacillus,Arthrobacter,and Acinetobacter.Twenty-nine excellent PGPR strains were screened based on their growth-promoting functions and characteristics,among which strains GD6,JP7,JP34,PKO13,JK32,GD3,and GD32 promoted the accumulation of root surface area of soybean,which increased by 42.93%,48.41%,53.04%,54.69%,47.86%,50.44%,48.67%,respectively.Seven of the above strains,4 Klebsiella,2 Bacillus,and a Pristeria megagonia,are candidate strains for soybean microbial fertilizers.

关 键 词：大豆 根际促生菌 解磷菌 固氮菌 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] S154.3