不同水分处理对基质栽培对萼猕猴桃幼苗生长及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of different water treatments on growth and nutrient uptake of Actinidia valvata Dunn seedlings under substrate culture

作　　者：陈大刚 徐开未 彭丹丹 游浩宇 杨然 廖慧苹 陈远学 CHEN Dagang;XU Kaiwei;PENG Dandan;YOU Haoyu;YANG Ran;LIAO Huiping;CHEN Yuanxue(College of Resource,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Huasheng Agricultural Co.,Ltd.,Mianzhu 618200,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川华胜农业股份有限公司,四川绵竹618200

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第12期2854-2864,共11页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：四川省重点研发计划(2021YFN0026,2020YFN0045);四川省科技计划项目(2022ZHXC0007)。

摘　　要：本研究以对萼猕猴桃砧木幼苗为试材,结合前期猕猴桃基质栽培适宜物料配比(椰糠∶泥炭∶珍珠岩体积比为2∶4∶4)的研究基础,设置6个不同水分处理,分别为基质最大持水量(saturated moisture content,SMC)的20%(SMC-20%)、40%(SMC-40%)、60%(SMC-60%)、80%(SMC-80%)、100%(SMC-100%)、120%(SMC-120%),以期筛选出适宜对萼猕猴桃幼苗基质栽培的水分管理方案。研究结果表明,在SMC-100%处理下的幼苗株高、茎粗、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)值、干物质积累量、根系活力、总根长、总根表面积、总根体积、氮磷钾养分积累量均表现较好,相较其他水分处理平均分别提高了99.83%、149.08%、16.43%、264.30%、72.81%、227.53%、194.99%、156.72%、395.88%、374.85%、342.72%;在SMC-20%、SMC-40%处理下幼苗生长指标表现较差,相较SMC-100%处理生长指标下降严重;SMC-60%、SMC-80%处理下幼苗生长指标表现略低于SMC-100%处理;水分过量(即SMC-120%处理)虽对根系生长影响较小,但过量灌水引起基质中养分的流失导致植株幼苗养分吸收能力下降,幼苗地上部长势较差。以上结果表明,SMC-100%处理下基质栽培猕猴桃幼苗效果较好,可以作为基质栽培对萼猕猴桃幼苗适宜的水分管理方案。In this study,Actinidia valvata Dunn rootstock seedlings were used as test materials,combined with the suitable material ratio of early kiwifruit under substrate culture(coconut bran∶peat∶perlite=2∶4∶4,volume ratio),6 different moisture treatments were set at 20%(SMC-20%),40%(SMC-40%),60%(SMC-60%),80%(SMC-80%),100%(SMC-100%),120%(SMC-120%)of the saturated moisture content(SMC).In order to screen out the water management scheme suitable for Actinidia valvata Dunn seedlings under substrate culture.The results showed that the seedling height,stem diameter,chlorophyll relative content(SPAD)value,dry matter accumulation,root activity,total root length,total root surface area,total root volume,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient accumulation were all better under SMC-100% treatment.Compared with other treatments,they averagely increased by 99.83%,149.08%,16.43%,264.30%,72.81%,227.53%,194.99%,156.72%,395.88%,374.85%,342.72%,respectively.Seedling growth indicators performed poorly under SMC-20% and SMC-40% treatments and were severely reduced compared with SMC-100% treatment.The performance of seedling growth index under SMC-60% and SMC-80%treatment was slightly lower than that under SMC-100% treatment.Although excessive water(i.e.SMC-120% treatment)had little effect on root growth,excessive irrigation caused nutrient loss in the substrate,resulting in decreased nutrient absorption capacity of seedlings,and poor above-ground growth of the seedlings.These results indicated that the kiwifruit seedlings under SMC-100% treatment had a better effect,and could be used as a suitable water management scheme for the substrate culture of Actinidia valvata Dunn seedlings.

关 键 词：对萼猕猴桃 基质栽培 水分处理 幼苗生长 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]