两蕃认同及其融入中华民族“多元一体”的历史进程  

Ethnic Identity of the Two Foreign Tribes and Their Historical Process of Integration with the"Diversity in Unity"of the Chinese Nation

作　　者：毕德广[1] BI De-guang(Qufu Normal University)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学历史文化学院,曲阜273165

出　　处：《中华民族共同体研究》2023年第5期92-106,M0006,共16页Journal of the Chinese Nation Studies

摘　　要：在唐代,两蕃被用以指代两个关系密切的民族,有西北两蕃、辽东两蕃和辽西两蕃之分。但通常情况下,两蕃专指生活在辽西地区的奚与契丹。“两蕃”一词在实质上代表着奚与契丹不断融合,并趋于形成一个民族共同体的历史进程。奚与契丹在民族共同体发展上经历了由合而分到再合的曲折过程。在该过程中,二者历经了三次族属认同的调整。每次族属认同调整都与其民族共同体发展密切相关。民族共同体的发展需要二者适时地调整族属认同感,而族属认同又制约了民族共同体发展的方向,尤其是隋唐时期开始出现的“祖系炎黄”的认同构建,对于两蕃最终融入中华民族“多元一体”格局影响巨大。The"Two Foreign Tribes"in the Tang dynasty usually refers to two closely connected ethnic groups,including the two foreign tribes in northwest China,the two in eastern Liao,or the two in western Liao.In most cases,however,the phrase"Two Foreign Tribes"refers specifically to Xi people and Khitan people living in the western Liao area.The phrase"Two Foreign Tribes"substantially implies the historical process which the Xi people and Khitan people integrated with each other and gradually gave birth to one shared community.Along with the development of their national community,Xi and Khitan initially unified with,then severed from,and finally reunited again with each other.They adjusted their ethnic identity three times in history,and all of their adjustments for ethnic identity are closely associated with the development of their national community.The development of the national community requires the two ethnic groups to adjust their ethnic identity,and ethnic identity restrains the orientation of development for their national community.The construction of identity with"descendants of Yan and Huang"that emerged in Sui and Tang dynasties plays a prominent role in the ultimate integration of the two foreign tribes with the pattern of"diversity in unity"of the Chinese nation.

关 键 词：两蕃 族属认同 中华民族 多元一体 融合 

分 类 号：D691.72[政治法律—政治学]