基于SWAT模型的南苕溪流域面源污染时空格局研究  

Study on temporal and spatial pattern of non-point source pollution in Nantiaoxi River Basin based on SWAT Model

作　　者：丁建华 沈旭 常文婷 王冉 DING Jianhua;SHEN Xu;CHANG Wenting;WANG Ran(Zhejiang Guangchuan Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310020;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention and Reduction,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310020;Hangzhou Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences(Hangzhou Urban Ecological Environment Monitoring Station),Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014)

机构地区：[1]浙江广川工程咨询有限公司,浙江杭州310020 [2]浙江省水利防灾减灾重点实验室,浙江杭州310020 [3]杭州市生态环境科学研究院(杭州市城区生态环境监测站),浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第12期1654-1659,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：浙江省水利科技项目(No.RC2044);杭州市科技计划引导项目(No.20211231Y019)。

摘　　要：南苕溪是太湖流域上游的一条重要源头支流,面源污染已成为影响河流水质的主要因素。为了解流域面源污染现状,明确内部各支流面源污染贡献程度,提高水环境精细化管理水平,构建了SWAT模型详细分析南苕溪流域面源污染产生特征。结果表明:(1)流域面源污染负荷年内分布差异较大,总氮污染负荷为0.18~790.10 t/月,总磷污染负荷为0.03~205.30 t/月,流失高峰主要发生在3、4月春汛期。(2)流域总氮年均产生量为1258.56 t/a,青山水库以东地区总氮负荷相对较大,总磷年均产生量为268.79 t/a,总磷负荷较大的地区作物种植较多,施肥量大。(3)南溪小流域总氮、总磷污染负荷都最大,占全流域的20%以上,建议管理部门予以重点关注。Nantiaoxi River is an important source tributary in the upper reaches of Taihu Lake Basin,and non-point source pollution has become the main factor affecting river water quality.In order to grasp the current situation of non-point source pollution in the basin,clarify the contribution of non-point source pollution of internal tributaries and improve the refined management level of water environment,a SWAT model was constructed to analyze the characteristics of non-point source pollution in detail.Results showed that:(1)the distribution of non-point source pollution load in the basin varied greatly in a year.The total nitrogen(TN)pollution load was 0.18-790.10 t/month,and the total phosphorus(TP)pollution load was 0.03-205.30 t/month.The loss peaks mainly occured in spring flood season in March and April.(2)The average annual TN production amount was 1258.56 t/a,and the area with large annual average TN pollution load per area was mainly distributed in the east of Qingshan Reservoir.The average annual TP production amount was 268.79 t/a,and the areas with large TP pollution load had a lot of crops,where overfertilized.(3)The TN and TP pollution loads in Nanxi River small watershed was both the largest,covering more than 20%of the whole watershed.It was suggested that the management departments should pay special attention to this small watershed.

关 键 词：面源污染 SWAT模型 南苕溪流域 氮 磷 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]