不同侧滑角下列车侧壁和空调外形对列车气动性能的影响  

Impact of changes in sidewall and air conditioner profiles on train aerodynamic performance under different yaw angles

作　　者：于淼 耿亚彬 陈争卫 YU Miao;GENG Yabin;CHEN Zhengwei(a.Technology Research Center,CRRC Tangshan Railway Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan Hebei 063035,China;Product Development Center,CRRC Tangshan Railway Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan Hebei 063035,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong 999077,China;The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute,Shenzhen Guangdong 518054,China)

机构地区：[1]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司技术研究中心,河北唐山063035 [2]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司产品研发中心,河北唐山063035 [3]香港理工大学土木及环境工程学系,中国香港999077 [4]香港理工大学深圳研究院,广东深圳518054

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2023年第5期82-90,共9页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52202426);国家重点研发计划(2017YFB1201304);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021B1515130006)。

摘　　要：为确定某动力集中动车组的较优车身外形,基于三维不可压非定常雷诺时均方法(Un-steady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes,URANS)和剪切应力输运(Shear Stress Transport,SST)k-w湍流模型,针对直壁高空调、鼓壁高空调和鼓壁低空调3种列车侧壁和空调外形,分析了60 m/s合成风速下,侧滑角0°、20°、40°、45°、55°、60°、70°和90°共8种工况下的列车气动力系数、车窗位置和空调位置的平均压力.研究结果表明:在侧滑角小于20°的条件下,列车侧壁和空调外形对车辆气动力影响较小;随着侧滑角逐渐增大,直壁高空调外形列车的气动性能较鼓壁高空调和鼓壁低空调外形列车差.以55°侧滑角下头车为例,相较于直壁高空调外形车型,鼓壁高空调外形车型的侧向力系数、升力系数和侧滚力矩系数分别降低了23.3%、3.4%和27.3%;而对于背风侧车窗压力,鼓壁高空调和鼓壁低空调外形车型均相较直壁高空调外形下降了59%左右.综合而言,鼓壁低空调外形车型气动性能最好.To determine the optimal body shape for a specific power-distributed high-speed train,this paper employes a three-dimensional incompressible Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)method and the Shear Stress Transport(SST)k-w turbulence model.Three train body and air conditioner profiles are considered:a flat wall with a high air conditioner,a bulging wall with a high air conditioner,and bulging wall with a low air conditioner.This paper analyzes the trains aerody-namic coefficients and the average pressure on windows and air conditioner under eight different operat-ing conditions with yaw angles of 0°,20°,40°,45°,55°,60°,70°,and 90°at a combined wind speed of 60 m/s.The results show that at yaw angles less than 20°,there is minimal impact on the train’s aerodynamic performance based on different sidewall and air conditioner profiles.As the yaw angle in-creases,the aerodynamic performance of the flat wall with high air conditioner profile deteriorates in comparison to the bulging wall with high air conditioner and bulging wall with low air conditioner pro-files.For instance,at a yaw angle of 55°for the lead car,the side force coefficient,lift coefficient,and rolling moment coefficient of the bulging wall with high air conditioner profile are reduced by 23.3%,3.4%,and 27.3%,respectively,compared to the flat wall with high air conditioning profile.Further-more,regarding the leeward side window pressure,both the bulging wall with high air conditioner and bulging wall with low air conditioner profiles experience approximately a 59%reduction compared to the flat wall with high air conditioner profile.Overall,the bulging wall with low air conditioner profile exhibits the best aerodynamic performance.

关 键 词：侧风 列车气动特性 车身外形 空调 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程]