合理确定港口锚地规模的仿真方法  

Simulation method of reasonable determination of anchorage scale in port

作　　者：刘春泽[1] 郭享[1] 商剑平[1] 唐颖[1] 张佰望 LIU Chunze;GUO Xiang;SHANG Jianping;TANG Ying;ZHANG Baiwang(CCCC Water Transportation Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100007,China)

机构地区：[1]中交水运规划设计院有限公司,北京100007

出　　处：《水运工程》2023年第12期46-51,共6页Port & Waterway Engineering

摘　　要：合理确定港口锚地规模,有利于充分利用港航资源,避免投资浪费。针对当前确定锚地规模时未考虑多锚地和复杂航道网络、多码头多泊位、岸边装卸设备等影响因素的问题,开展了基于系统仿真的确定港口锚地合理规模的方法研究。采用构建系统仿真模型的方法,模拟“锚地-航道-泊位”系统的实际作业过程,统计锚地待泊船舶数量、船舶等待时间,确定合理锚地规模,并应用于国内某港锚地规模的确定。结果表明,锚地设计容量可以选用仿真统计得到的锚地最大等待船舶数,或持续时间比较长的锚地等待船舶数量。该方法能够为合理、科学地确定锚地规模提供支撑。Reasonable determination of the anchorage scale in port is beneficial to making full use of berth and channel resources and avoiding the waste of investment.At present,the study on the determination of the anchorage scale does not consider the influencing factors of multiple anchorages,complex channel networks,multiple wharfs and berths,and ship-to-shore handling equipment.Therefore,this paper proposes a method to determine the reasonable anchorage scale in port based on system simulation.By constructing a system simulation model,the paper simulates the actual operation process of the“anchorage-channel-berth”system,calculates the number of ships waiting to be berthed in the anchorage and waiting time,and determines the reasonable anchorage scale,which is applied to the determination of the anchorage scale in a Chinese port.The results show that the maximum number of ships waiting to be berthed in the anchorage or the number of ships waiting to be berthed in the anchorage with significant duration obtained from simulation statistics can be taken as the designed anchorage capacity.This method can provide support for the rational and scientific determination of the anchorage scale.

关 键 词：水路运输 锚地规模 离散事件仿真 待泊船舶数量 

分 类 号：U268.6[机械工程—车辆工程] U65[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]