京津冀地区主要水系沉积物中重金属污染状况研究  

Research on heavy metal pollution in the main watersediment in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

作　　者：华德伟 布多[1] 肖方景 崔小梅 HUA De-wei;BU Duo;XIAO Fang-jing;CUI Xiao-mei(School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《应用化工》2023年第11期3124-3128,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22266032);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0603);西藏自治区科技厅中央引导地方项目(XZ202202YD0016C);中央支持地方高校改革发展计划项目(藏财科教指[2023]1号);2021年环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室开放基金(KF2021-05)。

摘　　要：简要综述了京津冀地区主要水系及其流域底泥沉积物的理化特性,系统讨论了该地区底泥沉积物中重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr)的分布特征,利用相关性分析分析了河流理化特性与重金属浓度间的关系,采用潜在生态危害指数法评价了此地区水体沉积物中重金属的潜在生态风险。结果表明,研究区域的河流理化特性与其背景值基本一致;重金属浓度评价结果为:Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd;pH与总氮、总磷与有机质存在一定的相关性,元素Pb与Cd,元素Zn与Cr间存在强相关性;元素Cd的潜在生态危害等级涵盖低、中等、重、严重四个等级,其余大部分样点处于对生态环境危害程度较低的等级。This paper reviewed the physicochemical properties of sediments and their major watersheds in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,discussed the distribution characteristics of heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr)in the sediment in the region systematically,analyzed the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the rivers and the concentrations of heavy metals using correlation analysis,and evaluated the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediments of the water bodies in the region using the potential ecological hazard index method,the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in water sediments in this area was evaluated using the potential ecological risk index method.The results showed that the physicochemical characteristics of the rivers in the study area were generally consistent with their background values;the evaluation of heavy metal concentrations were ranked as Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd;there is a correlation between pH and total N,total P and organic matter,and strong correlation between elemental Pb and Cd,elemental Zn and Cr;the potential ecological hazard levels of elemental Cd cover four levels:low,medium,heavy and serious,and most of the remaining samples are at the level of low harm to the ecological environment.

关 键 词：河流底泥 重金属污染 评价方法 潜在生态危害指数 

分 类 号：TQ110[化学工程—无机化工] TQ131[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X52