霍布斯鲍姆对历史唯物主义史学方法论的探索  

Hobsbawm's Exploration of Methodology of Marxist Historiography

作　　者：冯潇[1] Feng Xiao

机构地区：[1]江苏省社会科学院,南京210004

出　　处：《学海》2023年第6期201-210,共10页Academia Bimestris

摘　　要：霍布斯鲍姆是当代最具影响力的马克思主义历史学者。他始终坚持马克思主义立场,与英国马克思主义历史学派的成员一道,总结出一套以自下而上的历史观和阶级斗争分析方法为核心的历史唯物主义研究方法,但在关于方法论的具体理解上,他与E.P.汤普森存在一定差别。同时,霍布斯鲍姆与年鉴学派的布罗代尔基于共同的研究旨趣,试图打破“独断的结构”,扩大历史学研究的视野,突出普通人民在历史中发挥的重要作用,推进20世纪史学研究方法的现代性转向。在此基础上,霍布斯鲍姆回应现实需要,将历史唯物主义方法论运用于世界近现代史的重新建构之中,通过史学作品的大众化传播,打破西方中心论的刻板模式,令读者能够广泛接受历史唯物主义的研究方法。他较好地处理了政治立场与学术立场之间的关系,发掘并践行了具体的、可传播的历史唯物主义史学研究方法,重视学术研究的大众化普及,由此奠定了他在马克思主义史学研究领域的重要地位,并对我们今天的学术研究具有一定的借鉴意义。Hobsbawm is the most influential contemporary Marxist historian.He always adhered to the Marxist position,and together with the members of the British Marxist historical school,sum-marized a set of historical materialism research methods based on History from the bottom up and Class struggle analysis method,but there are some differences between him and E.P.Thompson.At the same time,Hobsbawm and Braudel of Annales School based on the common research pur-view,tried to break the"dogmatic structure",expanded the vision of historical research,highlight-ed the important role of ordinary people in history,and promoted the modernity of historical research methods.On this basis,Hobsbawm responded to the practical needs and applied the methodology of historical materialism to the reconstruction of modern world history.Through the popularization of historical works,he broke the rigid pattern of west-centered theory and made readers widely accept the research method of historical materialism.Because he handled the relationship between political and academic positions well,explored and practiced specific and disseminable historical materialist research methods,and paid attention to the popularization of academic research,so he established his important position in the field of Marxist historiography research,which has certain reference sig-nificance for our academic research today.

关 键 词：历史唯物主义史学方法论 阶级斗争分析方法 自下而上的历史观 史学现代性 

分 类 号：B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论]