阴道分娩产妇宫颈裂伤危险因素的病例对照研究  

Case-control study on risk factors of cervical laceration in vaginal delivery women

作　　者：皮倩 吴钰 陆娜 贾晓平 张丽[1] PI Qian;WU Yu;LU Na;JIA Xiaoping;ZHANG Li(Binzhou Medical University,Yantai 264003,Shandong,P.R.China;Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250014,Shandong,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院,山东烟台264003 [2]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《滨州医学院学报》2023年第6期449-452,共4页Journal of Binzhou Medical University

摘　　要：目的分析阴道分娩产妇宫颈裂伤的危险因素,为宫颈裂伤的预防提供依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法,选取阴道分娩发生宫颈裂伤的197例产妇为病例组,按1∶2配比以同期未发生宫颈裂伤的394例产妇为对照组,对两组结果进行分析。结果宫颈裂伤总发生率4.22%,多处裂伤64例(32.5%);裂伤位置:9点处108例次(54.8%)、3点处98例次(50.0%);裂伤长度:2 cm 129例次(65.5%)。单因素分析共筛选出总产程等12个与宫颈裂伤有统计学意义的因素(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,阴道检查次数、宫颈水肿、宫颈涂抹是宫颈裂伤的独立危险因素。结论阴道分娩宫颈裂伤发生率仍较高,且多发性裂伤占比大,裂伤部位相对集中;阴道检查次数、宫颈水肿、宫颈涂抹是其独立危险因素。控制阴道检查次数、预防和缓解宫颈水肿、规范产时宫颈涂抹等均是宫颈裂伤的精准预防措施。Objective To analyze the risk factors of cervical laceration in vaginal delivery women,so as to provide basis for prevention of cervical laceration.Methods A retrospective study was carried out to select 197 parturients who had cervical laceration during vaginal delivery as the case group,and 394 parturients who had no cervical laceration during the same period as the control group according to a 1:2 ratio.The results of the two groups were analyzed.Results The total incidence of cervical laceration was 4.22%,and 64 cases(32.5%)had multiple lacerations;among them,108 cases(54.8%)were lacerated at 9 points,98 cases(50.0%)at 3 points,and 129 cases(65.5%)were lacerated at 2cm in length.Single factor analysis screened 12 factors with statistical significance(all P<0.05),such as the total labor process,and the occurrence of cervical laceration.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of vaginal examination,cervical edema,and cervical smear were independent risk factors for cervical laceration in vaginal delivery women.Conclusion The incidence of cervical laceration in vaginal delivery is still high,the proportion of multiple lacerations is large,and the laceration sites are relatively concentrated;the frequency of vaginal examination,cervical edema and cervical smear were independent risk factors.Controlling the number of vaginal examinations,preventing and relieving cervical edema,and standardizing cervical smear during labor are all precise preventive measures for cervical laceration.

关 键 词：阴道分娩 宫颈裂伤 危险因素 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]